Sensing system with fiber gas sensor

Abstract

A fiber gas sensor includes a fiber core with first and second refractive index periodic modulated grating structures having different amplitude modulation profiles positioned about the fiber core. A fiber cladding is positioned about the first and second refractive index periodic modulated grating structures. A sensing layer is positioned about the fiber cladding of one of the refractive index periodic modulated grating structures. The sensing layer includes a sensing material made of a Pd-based alloy, such as nano-PdOx, nano-Pd(x)Au(y)Ni(1-x-y) or nano-Pd / Au / WOx. The fiber gas sensor provides a measurement of localized, temperature-corrected gas concentration and composition from a combustion environment. A reflection-based or a transmission-based sensing system with an array of one or more fiber gas sensors is also described.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates generally to sensing systems and sensors, and more particularly to sensing systems with arrays of grating-based fiber optic gas sensors that provide temperature corrected gas concentration measurements. Background technique [0002] Current power generation systems are built to have hydrogen (H 2 )) Turbine as fuel. Syngas can be generated using a coal gasifier or other industrial process. Moreover, current gas turbines can use natural gas (NG) and H 2 The blending of fuels to generate electricity for better operability, higher efficiency or better emissions control. Typically, the fuel stream used by the turbine may contain: Natural gas (NG), which is primarily methane (CH 4 ); for example nitrogen (N 2 ) and carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) diluents; and diluents such as ethane (C 2 h 6 ) and propane (C 3 h 8 ) of higher molecular weight hydrocarbons. Hydrogen fuels can be low percentage H in na...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At the same time, it is obvious that it is difficult to apply such spectrometry-based large-scale and dedicated sensors for real-time online monitoring / analysis of fuel quality, especially in the harsh environment of coal gasifiers and syngas or natural gas combustors

Although some conventional combustible gas sensors exist, such as infrared, electrochemical, metal-oxide-semiconductor based combustible gas detection devices, these devices are not sensitive to hydrogen or are saturated due to high concentrations or cannot be used in harsh environments

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