Non-steady state reactor and method for producing synthesis gas

Abstract

The invention discloses a reactor device and method for producing synthesis gas by using gaseous hydrocarbon as a raw material for carrying out heat accumulating type self-heating conversion. The reactor mainly comprises a combustion chamber, a mixing chamber, two reforming sections and two heat accumulating sections. The feeding raw gas of the reactor is divided into two paths of gas, wherein one path of raw gas and oxygen gas enter the combustion chamber from a middle combustion nozzle to carry out heat generating reaction; and after the other path of raw gas is mixed with water vapor, the mixed gas laterally enters the reactor through a gas inlet at one end, the mixed gas carries out pre-reforming reaction in one reforming section after being preheated in one heat accumulating section, the gas after reaction is mixed with the high-temperature gas at the outlet of the combustion chamber, then the mixed gas enters the other reforming section to carry out reforming reaction, and products are discharged after being cooled by the other heat accumulating section. The reactor of the invention is matched with a flow direction switching valve capable of periodically changing the flow direction of the gas in the reactor, thus the purposes of preheating feed materials, carrying out reaction and cooling products in one reactor can be realized. The reactor of the invention can reduce the oxygen consumption in the process, improve the yield and the quality of the synthesis gas and improve the heat efficiency of the overall process.

Description

Technical field [0001] The present invention relates to a device and method for producing synthesis gas; further, the synthesis gas production device includes an unsteady state reactor and its supporting facilities; the synthesis gas production method uses gaseous hydrocarbons as raw materials, Under unsteady state conditions, syngas is produced through regenerative autothermal conversion. Background technique [0002] The gaseous hydrocarbon feedstock in the present invention refers to a gas mixture whose main components are gaseous alkanes or olefins, such as natural gas, coke oven gas, refinery gas, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tail gas, coal bed methane and the like. Generally, such gaseous hydrocarbon feedstocks can be converted into synthesis gas (a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide) through processes such as catalytic steam reforming, non-catalytic partial oxidation, and autothermal reforming to produce liquid fuels or chemicals, synthetic methanol, and synthetic ammoni...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, there are insurmountable problems in this reactor: there is a high-temperature hot zone in the catalytic bed of the reactor, there is a risk of spontaneous combustion and explosion when the feed preheating temperature is high, the reactor is easy to extinguish, and the bed temperature is difficult to control, etc., so it is difficult to realize industrialization

Since the catalytic partial oxidation of methane on the nickel-based catalyst is divided into two steps: fast oxidation and slow reforming, it is difficult to avoid high-temperature hot spots in the reactor bed. (Catalytic partial oxidation usually adopts mixed feed of raw material gas and oxidant), and the feed cannot be preheated to a very high temperature in the heat storage section, which not only makes it difficult to control the temperature of the reactor bed, but also affects the thermal efficiency of the process and the synthesis gas recovery. Rate

Images