Seismic wave absorption and attenuation compensation method

Abstract

The invention relates to a seismic wave absorption and attenuation compensation method, and belongs to the geophysical exploration data processing technology. The method comprises the following steps: selecting one of VSP (vertical seismic profiling) initial data as reference data, carrying out generalized S-transform on the reference data, selecting sampling points as reference points, and recording the time and time-frequency spectrums of the sampling points; carrying out generalized S-transform on data of each sampling point, and dividing the time-frequency spectrum of corresponding frequency in the time-frequency spectrums of the reference points by the time-frequency spectrum of each sampling point so as to obtain an absorption and attenuation curve; determining a natural logarithm to figure out a phase compensation operator according to a formula of frequency difference of absorption and attenuation signals in a time frequency domain; and carrying out absorption and attenuation compensation and phase compensation in the time frequency domain to obtain a fine VSP wave field profile. The method has the advantages that noise can be eliminated during the process of fitting the absorption and attenuation curve; generalized S-inverse transform without energy loss is realized; signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of the data are improved after compensation; log resolution control is realized; the reference points are selected flexibly; and algorithm is simple and efficient.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to seismic exploration data processing technology, which is a compensation method for seismic wave absorption and attenuation by using the instantaneous frequency attribute of seismic data. Background technique [0002] In seismic exploration, the absorption of seismic waves by formations causes time-varying seismic wavelets and reduces the resolution of data. Especially in deep layers, seismic data cannot reflect the real situation of the formation, which makes processing and interpretation encounter many difficulties. Therefore, the absorption attenuation is a key issue that needs to be solved. [0003] At present, there are mainly the following methods for absorption attenuation compensation: [0004] 1) Conventional inverse Q filtering. According to the Futterman model, the amplitude attenuation satisfies: Among them: t is the propagation time; Q is the formation quality factor; f is the frequency, on this basis Hale prop...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The time spectrum after compensation is: This method is to fit the absorption attenuation curve in the frequency direction in the time spectrum, and cannot perform phase compensation

[0011] To sum up, the existing technologies have shortcomings in the processing of seismic data. Inverse Q filtering is difficult to provide space-variant parameters, spectral whitening is difficult to maintain relative amplitude, and deconvolution cannot perform point compensation.

Time-frequency domain absorption attenuation compensation based on wavelet transform, phase compensation is not possible

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