A plastic plasticizing method and device based on co2 laser

Abstract

The invention discloses a plastic plasticizing method and device based on a CO2 laser, and relates to the field of laser plasticizing molding processing. The invention is based on the photothermal effect of the interaction between the laser and the polymer. For the light energy generated by the CO2 laser, most plastics almost completely absorb it. Through precise control of laser parameters: wavelength, spot size, energy, and irradiation method, the temperature rise range of laser irradiated plastics is controlled, and the plastic solid is heated and plasticized by laser to realize the polymer from glass state to high elastic state to viscous flow state. The plasticizing process, and finally complete the polymer molding process. The invention has the advantages of short plastic melting time, uniform plasticization and good plasticization stability, overcomes the problems of low plasticization efficiency and uneven plasticization in the traditional plasticization process, is suitable for plastic micro-molding processing, and has high application value.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of laser microforming, in particular to a CO-based 2 The plastic plasticizing method and device of the laser are suitable for the plasticizing and micro-molding processing of miniature plastic parts. Background technique [0002] The plasticization of plastics is a process in which polymers change from a glass state to a high elastic state to a viscous fluid state. There are many plasticizing methods, including heating and screw shear plasticization, ultrasonic plasticization, microwave plasticization, and vibration plasticization. , The plasticized plastic melt is used for injection molding, extrusion molding and die-casting. For example, in the field of micro-injection molding, heating and screw shear plasticization are the most commonly used. Due to the difficulty of screw processing and high strength requirements, the diameter of the screw generally cannot be lower than 14mm, which makes the control accuracy of t...

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Problems solved by technology

For example, the research on the application of laser welding plastics began in 1970. At first, CO2 laser was used. Since most plastic materials show strong absorption in this wavelength range, high-speed laser welding processing However, due to the long wavelength of CO2 laser, it cannot penetrate plastic materials, so that the lap welding of engineering plastics is limited; in recent years, the use of near-infrared Nd:YAG laser (λ =1.06μm) light source, using the characteristics of laser-transmitting plastic and laser-absorbing plastic, the laser beam passes through the laser-absorbing plastic to reach the surface of the laser-absorbing plastic, and the surface of the laser-absorbing plastic is heated to soften and melt, and at the same time , due to the effect of heat conduction, the side of the laser plastic is also heated to soften and melt. When the melted size reaches the specified requirements, under the continuous action of a certain pressure, the welding of thermoplastics is realized. However, the thickness of the generally welded melting area is several About ten microns, can not achieve a stable micro-plasticizing effect

The research and application of plastic microplasticization by using the thermal effect of laser has not yet been reported in literature.

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