Process and device for continuously gasifying biomass and simultaneously removing tar in moving bed

Abstract

The invention provides a process and a device for continuously gasifying a biomass and simultaneously removing tar in a moving bed. The process comprises the following steps: in a gravity moving bed, adding raw materials from top at a certain speed, and controllably introducing air at the upper, middle and lower positions simultaneously; continuously leading out generated high-temperature fuel gas from a fuel gas outlet lower than the lowest air inlet, successively passing the high-temperature fuel gas through a primary indirect type heat exchanger for absorbing sensible heat, secondary and third indirect type heat exchangers for cooling to room temperature and a dry type tar removing device for deep tar removal, and then feeding into a gas storage cabinet; and continuously taking out solid carbon which is not gasified from the bottom at a certain speed. The device suitable for the method is a tube bank type moving bed gasifying and tar removing furnace, wherein a furnace core is arranged in the furnace; rows of reaction tubes (13) are assembled by stacking uniquely designed specially shaped refractory bricks; and under the reaction tubes (13), carbon cooling tubes (17) are connected, and a multi-point continuous equivalent carbon discharging device is connected. According to the process and the device provided by the invention, tar content is low, no waste water is discharged, activated carbon is by-produced, and production cost is greatly reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biomass gasification and charcoal activation, and relates to a process and equipment for continuously gasifying biomass while removing tar and realizing charcoal activation. Background technique [0002] Biomass energy has been increasingly valued by contemporary society due to its low-carbon and renewable energy. Among them, biomass pyrolysis gasification to produce fuel gas or further use it to generate electricity is an important way. The current biomass gasification process equipment can be roughly divided into two categories and seven types of furnaces. One is fixed bed, including down-suction fixed-bed gasifier, up-suction fixed-bed gasifier, and horizontal-suction fixed-bed gasifier. The second is fluidized bed, including single fluidized bed gasifier, circulating fluidized bed gasifier and double fluidized bed gasifier. Each of the above furnace types has its own scope of application. The fluidiz...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] For the fixed bed gasification furnace, there are other obvious disadvantages, which can be listed as follows: first, the air flow distribution of the material layer in the furnace is not uniform, which leads to a large difference in the furnace temperature on the same layer, and the so-called "partial burning" occurs; The second is that the material layer is prone to bridging phenomenon, which requires manual poking to make the furnace operate normally, and the operability is significantly reduced

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