Method for refining crude lead

A crude lead and electrolytic lead technology, applied in the fields of instruments, optics, photographic technology, etc., can solve the problems such as failure to develop alkaline system electrolysis, limited solubility, easy volatility, etc. The effect of low power consumption and low electrolytic cell pressure

Active Publication Date: 2014-08-20
BEIJING UNIV OF CHEM TECH
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Problems solved by technology

[0006] 1. This process uses only a low concentration of H 2 SiF 6 -PbSiF 6 The electrolytic refining of the solution usually requires an electrolytic tank voltage of 0.5V, and the direct electrolytic energy consumption in the refining process is relatively high, generally 120-130KWh / t
[0007] 2,H 2 SiF 6 It is easy to volatilize, especially in summer, it is easier to produce a large amount of toxic acid mist at the work site, and the smell is unpleasant
For example, Chen Weiping (Journal of Hunan University, 1996, 23 (6): 111-116) utilizes NaOH and KNaC 4 h 4 o 6 Electrolysis of lead paste with the help of gelatin additives to recover lead from lead paste, unfortunately, this electrodeposition only results in spongy lead powder
And relevant people utilize alkaline NaOH solution to carry out the method for crude lead electrolytic refining to rarely see the report always
Due to the limited solubility of lead oxide in pure NaOH solution, and no effective electrodeposition additives have been found to control the electrodeposition process of lead, most of what is obtained is loose and porous electrolytic lead. It is easy to undergo oxidation reaction with oxygen in the air during the melting process, which is not conducive to the industrial application of NaOH system electrolysis, resulting in the development of the alkaline system electrolysis of lead has not been developed, and has not yet achieved industrial application

Method used

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  • Method for refining crude lead
  • Method for refining crude lead
  • Method for refining crude lead

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0076] (1) Get the rough lead of the end decopper that sells on the market, wherein lead content is about 99%. 1 kg of crude lead was first reacted with 100 g of NaOH melt solution with 20 g of PbO at 450 ° C for 45 minutes, so that the impurities such as As, Sb and Sn in it were reacted with the above-mentioned excess PbO and NaOH, and then converted into Na 3 AsO 3 、Na 3 SbO 3 、Na 2 SnO 2 and metallic lead processes;

[0077] (2) The rough lead obtained through the above pre-purification is cast into 8*11*1 (width*height*thick) cm 3 The anode plate with a size of 8*11*0.05 (width*height*thickness) cm 3 The cathode starting plate is made of stainless steel, and the distance between the anode and the cathode is controlled to be 2.6-3.0cm, so that they are placed in the electrolytic cell in parallel;

[0078] (3) Configure concentration 300ml to be the PbO mixed solution of 7M NaOH and 0.3M, then add 1g sorbitol to make the concentration of co-complexing agent be 3g / L, s...

Embodiment 2

[0086] (1) Get the common pyrotechnical crude lead on the market, wherein the crude lead content is about 99%. 5kg of crude lead was first stirred and reacted with 400g of NaOH melt solution with 70g of PbO at 450°C for 60 minutes, so that the impurities Sb, Sn and As in the reduced lead reacted with the above-mentioned excess PbO and NaOH, and then converted into Na 3 SbO 3 、Na 2 SnO 2 、Na 3 AsO 3 and metallic lead processes;

[0087] (2) The rough lead obtained through the above pre-purification is cast into 18*20*1.2 (width*height*thick) cm 3 The anode plate with a size of 8*11*0.05 (width*height*thickness) cm 3 The pure lead is used to make the cathode starting plate, so that they are placed in the electrolytic cell in parallel, and the distance between the anode and the cathode is 2.9-3.0cm.

[0088] (3) configuration concentration 1.5L is the PbO mixed solution of 8M NaOH and 0.35M, then add 30g ethylene glycol to make the concentration of co-complexing agent be 2...

Embodiment 3

[0096] (1) Get the reduced lead that common waste lead-acid battery reclaims on the market and obtain, and wherein crude lead content is about 98.7%. 1 kg of crude lead is first stirred and reacted with 100 g of NaOH melt solution with 30 g of PbO at 500 ° C for 45 minutes, so that the main impurities Sb, Sn and As impurities in the reduced lead react with the above-mentioned excess PbO and NaOH, and then convert them into Na 3 SbO 3 、Na 2 SnO 2 、Na 3 AsO 3 and metallic lead processes;

[0097] (2) The rough lead obtained through the above pre-purification is cast into 8*11*1 (width*height*thick) cm 3 The anode plate with a size of 8*11*0.05 (width*height*thickness) cm 3 The cathode starting plate is made of high-quality stainless steel, so that they are placed in the electrolytic cell in parallel, and the distance between the anode and the cathode is 2.5-2.8cm.

[0098] (3) Configure 300ml concentration of PbO mixed solution that is 7.5M NaOH and 0.33M, then add 3.33g ...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for refining crude lead, which belongs to the technical field of lead refining. Firstly, crude lead that is obtained through smelting or reducing lead reacts with NaOH containing PbO under a molten state so as to pre-remove As and Sb; then crude lead to be purified is processed through electrolytic refining in NaOH solution containing PbO, auxiliary complexing agents and electrodeposition lead additives so as to obtain electroanalysis lead and anode slime; and finally, electroanalysis lead is melted and poured. The method adopts a nontoxic and non-volatile alkaline medium, and adopts NaOH electrolyte with high conductivity, so that compact and smooth electroanalysis lead can be obtained; in addition, lower electrolytic cell pressure is adopted during the electrolytic process, so that electrolysis energy consumption is reduced, and the electrolysis energy conservation effect is obvious.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lead refining, and relates to a method for refining and purifying crude lead by a chemical-electrochemical method to obtain high-purity electrolytic lead. Background technique [0002] Crude lead obtained by traditional pyrometallurgy is usually refined and removed before it can be widely used. The purpose of crude lead refining is to remove the metal impurities contained therein on the one hand to obtain high-purity lead with a purity of 99.99%, and on the other hand to recover precious metals such as copper, silver and bismuth in the crude lead. [0003] At present, the lead refining technologies widely used in industry are mainly divided into pyro-refining and electrolytic refining. Due to the disadvantages of low lead recovery rate and loss of precious metals in pyro-refining, electrolytic refining has been widely used in the world, especially in my country, since the beginning of the 20th century. ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C25C1/18
Inventor 潘军青张超钮因健孙艳芝
Owner BEIJING UNIV OF CHEM TECH
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