Device and process for manufacturing large-scale complex thin-wall aluminum alloy casting through vacuum pressurization casting

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for manufacturing a large-scale complex thin-wall aluminum alloy casting through pouring and mold filling under vacuum and crystallization and solidification under pressure. The device comprises a vacuum pressurization casting chamber, a vacuum pumping system, an air pressurization system and an intelligent control system. The vacuum pressurization casting chamber is a high-pressure air-tight seal tank and adopts the vertical arrangement; a turnover seal cover driven by a cylinder and a locking ring for performing rotary seal are arranged at the upper part of the high-pressure air-tight seal tank; a pressure and vacuum detector is arranged on the seal cover; a ladle, a overturn casting drive device, a metal liquid diversion trench, a turnover temperature measuring device and the like are internally arranged in the chamber; a manual casting mechanism is arranged at the outer part of the chamber; the vacuum pumping system is composed of a vacuum pump, a vacuum storage cabin and a pipeline system; the air pressurization system is composed of an air compressor, a refrigeration drier, a pressure storage cabin, a circuit and a pipeline system; and the intelligent control system consists of a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), an air bottle, a security caution light and an affiliated pipeline system, wherein the PLC is connected with the air bottle, the security caution light and the affiliated pipeline system, which collects and displays data of vacuum, pressure, temperature and the like to realize the intelligent control for the devices, so that the stages in the vacuum pressurization casting can be ensured to be performed sequentially, continuously and smoothly.

Description

[0001] technical field [0002] The invention relates to a set of devices and processes for pouring under vacuum, filling molds, crystallizing and solidifying under pressure to finally obtain large complex thin-walled aluminum alloy castings. [0003] Background technique [0004] In the fields of aerospace, weapon equipment, automobiles, ships, etc., the demand and application of large complex thin-walled castings, especially large complex thin-walled aluminum alloy cabins and box castings are becoming more and more extensive. [0005] This type of casting has the characteristics of large outline size (about 1.5m at most), thin wall (about 2.5mm at the thinnest), complex inner cavity structure, and many hot spots, which are not conducive to forming, which makes casting much more difficult than ordinary castings. It is difficult to solve many defects such as air holes, many inclusions, insufficient pouring in thin-walled parts, and serious looseness in thick and large hot j...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005]This type of casting has large outline size (maximum about 1.5m), thin wall (thinnest about 2.5mm), complex inner cavity structure, and many hot spots. Due to the characteristics of forming, the difficulty of casting is much higher than that of ordinary castings, and many defects such as pores, many inclusions, insufficient pouring of thin-walled parts, and serious looseness of thick hot joints are often difficult to solve

On the contrary, due to the limitation of the application field, the internal quality requirements for this type of casting are usually quite high, most of which belong to type I castings, with high dimensional accuracy, and the vacuum degree and porosity level of the main parts are limited to above level II

The traditional casting process has been proved to be difficult to meet the above requirements, but the vacuum filling and pressurized solidification casting process using gypsum and other refractory materials as the mold can greatly eliminate the defects caused by traditional casting and successfully cast various high-quality products. Large complex thin-walled castings with great industrial potential

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