Fertilizing method of enhancing wheat nitrogen use efficiency and lodging resistance

Abstract

The invention discloses a fertilizing method of enhancing wheat nitrogen use efficiency and lodging resistance. The fertilizing method of enhancing the wheat nitrogen use efficiency and the lodging resistance comprises the following steps: 1, fertilizing with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer before seeding; 2, determining normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) value in an arising period and a jointing stage, conducting variable rate fertilization according to magnitude of the NDVI value, and improving potassium element application rate; 3, in the middle and later periods of wheat grouting, spraying KH2PO4 on leaves. By improving base fertilizer and fertilizing strategy (reducing base fertilizer application rate, especially reducing nitrogen element application; converting traditional phosphorus and potassium basal application to basal and fertilizing application ), the fertilizing method of enhancing the wheat nitrogen use efficiency and the lodging resistance utilizes K+ free of volatility and relative low in drip washing performance to promote absorption of the wheat on soil NO3- strong in leachability, and improves utilization efficiency of the wheat nitrogen element. Meanwhile, by improving the potassium element application rate, the fertilizing method of enhancing the wheat nitrogen use efficiency and the lodging resistance promotes mechanical strength of a stalk, and strengthens the wheat lodging resistant performance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of plant growth and nutritional status monitoring, and particularly relates to a fertilization method that uses a normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to guide nitrogen application during the growth and development of wheat to improve nitrogen use efficiency and lodging resistance. Background technique [0002] The jointing stage of wheat is the key period for the development of wheat stalk and its mechanical strength. The organic matter stored in the stalk in the late growth period decomposes in large quantities, which is also an important factor that changes the mechanical strength of the stalk. If the mechanical strength of the stalk is weak, the lodging resistance of the plant is low, and the final wheat yield is severely impaired. According to research, lodging can reduce wheat grain yield by more than 30% (Vera et al., 2012; Wiersma et al., 2011). Although wheat scientists have done a lot of...

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Problems solved by technology

The world consumes 87,000,000 tons of N fertilizer every year, 60% of which is used for the production of cereal crops. However, the nitrogen use efficiency of cereal crops is only 33% (Alexandratos, 1995)

The problem of reduced N fertilizer utilization rate and serious loss caused by excessive application of N fertilizer has become increasingly prominent, and the more serious problem is that a large amount of NO3- accumulated in the soil pollutes groundwater (Ju Xiaotang, 2003); on the other hand, in In a high N growth environment, free N in wheat leaves increases accordingly, and the conversion of photosynthetic product carbohydrates into protein tends to increase, which affects the mechanical strength of the stalk. Increase the incidence of pests and diseases (Yu Zhenwen et al., 1995)

Jing Changqin et al. (2003) also pointed out that with the increase of N application rate, the proportion of basal internodes and sub-panicle internodes is uncoordinated, the filling degree of basal internodes is not enough, and the C / N ratio of stems is too low, which makes the wheat lodging The increase of N utilization rate has become the main factor for the low N utilization efficiency of wheat

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