Power station boiler combustor based on pulverized coal classified pre-burning-pyrolysis

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of thermal power generation equipment and discloses a power station boiler combustor based on pulverized coal classified pre-burning-pyrolysis. The combustor is composed of a main combustor, an air supply pipe, a pre-burning chamber, a pyrolysis chamber and a pyrolysis gas nozzle. An elbow at the tail portion of the air supply pipe and a separating baffle divide the air supply pipe into a sparse pulverized coal pipe and a thick pulverized coal pipe which are respectively connected with the pre-burning chamber and the pyrolysis chamber. The pre-burning chamber and the pyrolysis chamber are in series connection. The pyrolysis gas nozzle is located at an outlet of the pyrolysis chamber. Pyrolysis products are divided into thick pulverized coal pyrolysis gas and sparse pulverized coal pyrolysis gas through a sparseness and thickness separation principle. The power station boiler combustor based on the pulverized coal classified pre-burning-pyrolysis is designed on the basis of an existing turbulent combustor. Classified pre-burning-pyrolysis is conducted on mixture of air and pulverized coal, the mixture is taken from an elbow at an inlet, heat and low oxygen environment required by pyrolysis are provided by a self pre-burning reaction, and therefore a structure and a system are simple, operation is stable, safety performance is good and operation benefit is high. The power station boiler combustor has obvious effect on stable combustion of a coal-fired power station boiler in low load operation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of thermal power generation equipment, and in particular relates to a power plant boiler burner based on coal powder graded precombustion-pyrolysis. technical background [0002] Coal-fired power generation, as the main means of power generation in my country, is relatively common in our country. However, the cost of fuel injection and combustion support at low load of the unit is still a major problem affecting power generation enterprises to improve production efficiency. At the same time, the combustion in the furnace is unstable when the unit is low Stable internal combustion is an engineering technical issue that requires in-depth research in the field of energy generation. Boiler oil injection mostly occurs under the following working conditions: 1. When the peaking unit is running at low load (close to 50% load and below), due to the low concentration of pulverized coal in the secondary air, the furnace temper...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the cost of fuel injection and combustion support at low load of the unit is still a major problem affecting power generation enterprises to improve production efficiency. At the same time, the combustion in the furnace is unstable when the unit is at Stable internal combustion is an engineering and technical issue that requires in-depth research in the field of energy generation

Boiler oil injection often occurs under the following working conditions: 1. When the peaking unit is running at low load (close to 50% load or below), due to the low concentration of pulverized coal in the secondary air and the low furnace temperature, the ratio of the primary and secondary air is different. Reasonable, resulting in unstable combustion

2. When the coal type deteriorates, it is difficult to adjust the air-powder ratio. In order to stabilize the combustion in the furnace, oil is sometimes added to stabilize the combustion.

3. During the cold and hot start-up process of the boiler, the oil system generally has to be put into operation

However, this method requires a large amount of nitrogen, which violates the original intention of coal pyrolysis gas combustion to improve the economic benefits of coal-fired power plants, and is difficult to be widely promoted

At the same time, the additional design and construction of a coal pyrolysis system on the basis of existing power plant equipment requires a lot of manpower and material resources, and the cost is huge

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