243 results about "Coal fired power stations" patented technology

Hydrogen (H₂) gas and crude carbon dioxide (CO₂) gas are separated from a gaseous mixture thereof. Combustible gas(es) in the crude CO₂ gas are combusted to produce heat, at least a portion of which is recovered by indirect heat exchange with at least a portion of the separated H₂ gas or a gas derived therefrom. The invention may be integrated with coal-fired power stations to reduce or eliminate emission of harmful components into the atmosphere.

Coal is converted into hydrocarbon compounds using supercritical water. The process involves two stages; a first stage in which carbonaceous material is reacted with supercritical water at above 850K to produce a first supercritical fluid reaction mixture comprising hydrocarbon compounds; and a second stage in which hydrocarbon compounds are extracted from coal mixed with at least a portion of the first supercritical fluid at a temperature within a range of from the supercritical temperature of water to about 695K. Char from the second stage is finely divided and may be either be used outside the process, e.g. in a coal fired power station or a gasifier, or used as at least a portion of the carbonaceous material used in the first stage.

SO₂ and/or NO_x are removed from gaseous CO₂ at elevated pressure(s) in the presence of molecular oxygen and water and, when SO₂ is to be removed, NO_x, to convert SO₂ to sulfuric acid and/or NO_x to nitric acid. The sulfuric acid and/or nitric acid is/are then removed from the gaseous carbon dioxide to produce SO₂-free, NO_x-lean carbon dioxide gas. The invention has particular application in the removal of SO₂ and/or NO_x from carbon dioxide flue gas produced in an oxyfuel combustion process, for example, in a pulverized coal fired power station.

The invention provides a coal-fired power plant boiler system and denitration system operation collaborative optimization method. The method comprises the following steps: the operation of a powder preparation system is optimized and adjusted; the operation of a combustion system is optimized and adjusted; the operation of a denitration system is optimized and adjusted; the coal-fired boiler NOx emission control and the SCR denitration system ammonia escape control are coupled for optimization and adjustment; an optimal operation oxygen quantity range of a coal-fired boiler under different loads and an optimal openness range of a burnt wind nozzle in the optimal oxygen quantity operation range are determined by combining the reductive atmosphere distribution characteristics in a near wall area of a hearth water cooling wall and the denitration ammonia escape conditions; and an optimal denitration efficiency range of the denitration system under different loads is determined. The three system operation collaborative optimization methods, provided by the invention, see the boiler system and the denitration system as a large system; the mutual correlation and influence among the three systems are decoupled from the angle of the large system; and the most economical and safest operation mode of the large system is obtained through optimization.

The invention provides a real-time identification method for a fired coal lower heating value of a coal-fired power plant. The real-time identification method includes the steps of (1) obtaining boiler structure parameters according to a boiler operation design discipline, and reading an operation condition measurement point real-time value at the given moment from a real-time database of a DSC, (2) calculating the specific enthalpy and the density of working media and the specific heat and the density of smoke based on a working medium physical property parameter base and a smoke physical property parameter base, (3) correcting main steam flow masses based on a relation model of main steam adjustment door opening degrees and the main steam flow masses, (4) respectively calculating corresponding energy output of various parts on the boiler side and total energy output at the given moment according to a boiler-side complete-flow-path mechanism model, (5) building a transfer function model between coal feeding flow masses of a coal feeder and the fired coal flow masses, and (6) building a transfer function model between the fired coal flow masses and the total energy output. The real-time identification method is used for on-line identification on the fired coal lower heating value, and has the application potential of combustion and coal blending optimization.

The invention discloses an intelligent soot blowing closed-loop control method, device and system for a coal-fired power station boiler. The method includes the steps that a cleaning factor, a time integral factor and a corresponding supplement factor of a heating surface are determined according to field data collected in real time and are converted into quantization levels respectively in the fuzzy field; the cleaning factor quantization level, the time integral factor quantization level and the supplement factor quantization level are input into a preset soot blowing fuzzy control model, and the soot blowing fuzzy control model is resolved to obtain a corresponding soot blowing confidence coefficient; a corresponding soot blowing instruction is generated according to the soot blowing confidence coefficient and working conditions of a unit and is then sent to a PLC so that the PLC can carry out corresponding soot blowing operation according to the soot blowing instruction. Closed-loop control over a soot blowing system is achieved by comprehensively considering operation factors affecting soot blowing, soot blowing frequency is reduced to the minimum under the condition that heat transfer characteristics of the heating surface are guaranteed, and the purposes of saving energy, reducing consumption and improving the operation economy and safety of the unit are achieved.

A membrane is used for separating carbon dioxide from a gas phase. The membrane includes a substrate having micro-pores that extend through the substrate and a thin hydrophobic coating on one side of the substrate in which the pores of the substrate are substantially unobstructed by the coating so that the gas phase can penetrate the pores. The coating opposes or substantially resists a liquid solvent for absorbing carbon dioxide from penetrating the pores of the membrane from the side having the coating. The membrane may also be used for separating carbon dioxide in a flue gas of a coal fired power station. Further, the coating may be relatively inert to the liquid solvent compared to the substrate.

The invention relates to a high-hardness high-sulfur-corrosion-resistant electric arc spraying powder core wire which belongs to electric arc spraying powder cored wires which resist high-temperature oxidation and corrosion and used for the surface protection of metal materials. The high-hardness high-sulfur-corrosion-resistant electric arc spraying powder core wire belongs to the field of hot spraying in material processing engineering and is mainly used for the high-temperature corrosion, erosion and abrasion resistance of four tubes of a general coal-powder boiler of a coal-fired power station boiler, the corrosion prevention and the abrasion resistance of a converter smoke hood and a flue in a steel works and the repair of various axles, crankshafts, plunger pistons, paper-making drying cylinders, and the like. The high-hardness high-sulfur-corrosion-resistant electric arc spraying powder core wire is characterized by comprising the powder core components according to percentages by weight of 22-29 percent of crome metal, 5-9 percent of metallic molybdenum, 2.5-10 percent of metallic nickel, 4.0-6.5 percent of metallic aluminum, 0.5-1 percent of carbon, 1.0-3.0 percent of rare-earth, and metallic iron. A preparation method of the high-hardness high-sulfur-corrosion-resistant electric arc spraying powder core wire adopts the prior processes of firstly rolling a low-carbon cold-rolled strip into a U shape, adding powder core powders which account for 30-40 percent of the gross weight of spraying wires into the U-shaped groove, closing the U-shaped groove and wrapping the powder cores in the U-shaped groove, drawing gradually and lightening through a wire-drawing die to lead the diameter to reach 3.0mm.

The invention relates to an online carbon content detector with weight loss technique, used in the smoke channel of boiler of coal power station, wherein said device is characterized in that: it is formed by sampler (1) and testing bank (20); the sample tube (2) and ejection tube (3) of sampler (1) are inserted into the smoke channel; the ash open of cyclone dust collector (5) is connected with ash adding tube (6) inside the testing bank (20), to add ash into the pot (9) of testing bank (20); the testing bank (20) also contains a heater for heating pot (9) and a balance (19) for testing the ash weight of pot (9). The invention has high testing accuracy, without affected by coal kind, to provide real-time and correct supports to optimize burning.

The invention discloses a coal-fired power plant boiler biomass reburning denitration agent and a preparation method thereof. Based on an advanced reburning denitration technology principle and with biomass energy utilization and coal fired flue gas nitrogen oxides (NOx) control as backgrounds, the biomass reburning denitration agent prepared from biomass/biomass carbon, alkali metal salts (KCl, NaCl, Na2CO3 and the like) and additives (urea, Fe2O3 and the like) is used for controlling emissions of the coal-fired flue gas NOx. The biomass reburning denitration agent which has low water content, high energy density and easy crushing, and is suitable for storage and long distance transportation is prepared through treating processes of biomass raw material pretreatment (drying, crushing and sieving), low temperature pyrolysis (at the temperature of 200-300 DEG C for 10-30 min and under a nitrogen atmosphere), solution (Na2CO3, NaCl and KCl) spraying or dipping, and additives (urea, Fe2O3) mechanical mixing and the like. The biomass reburning denitration agent has the characteristics of wide raw material sources, simple preparation process, low cost, high denitration efficiency and the like, and is suitable for control of emissions of the nitrogen oxides of flue gas in the fields of coal-fired power plants, waste incineration and the like.

The invention discloses a smoke waste heat deep utilization system of a coal-fired power station boiler for heating supplied water at a high pressure, belonging to the field of energy-saving equipment using waste heat. According to the smoke waste heat deep utilization system, smoke with a temperature about 300-400 DEG C at the tail of the boiler respectively enters a high-temperature rotary type air pre-heater (2), a smoke condensed water heater (3) and a low-temperature rotary type air pre-heater (4), enters a prepositioned air pre-heater (6) after passing through a dust collector (5), and is discharged out of the system until the smoke is cooled to a temperature about 60-100 DEG C; and supplied water at the high pressure in a back-heating system is heated by using the high-temperature smoke, so that a higher energy-saving effect can be obtained. Meanwhile, the water at an inlet of the smoke condensed water heater (3) can be flexibly adjusted through a pipeline design, so as to be extracted from inlets of different high-pressure heat regenerators. Therefore, when the entire smoke waste heat utilization system at the tail of the power station boiler is in various working conditions, an air side and a water feeding side are at an optimal operation working condition.

The invention relates to a low-cost coal-fired flue gas various pollutant ultralow emission system and a low-cost coal-fired flue gas various pollutant ultralow emission method. The system mainly includes a nitrogen oxide gradient control system, a semidry flue gas purifying system and a wet-type static deep purification system. In the invention, by means of the nitrogen oxide gradient control system, the emitted NOx is less than 50 mg/Nm3 in concentration; by means of the semidry flue gas purifying system, the removal efficiency of SO2 can be reach not less than 90%, the removal efficiency of SO3 can be reach not less than 90%, the removal efficiency of acidic gas can be reach not less than 95% and the dust is less than 30 mg/Nm3; and by means of the wet-type static deep purification system, the PM is less than 5 mg/Nm3 and the removal efficiency of SO2 can be reach not less than 50%. The dust-containing waste water in the wet-type static deep purification system is used for slaking limestone and moistening and activating an absorbent in the semidry flue gas purifying system, so that near-zero emission of the waste water in the system is achieved and finally it is achieved that the pollutant emission concentrations of PM is less than 5 mg/Nm3, the emission concentration of SO2 is less than 35 mg/Nm3 and the emission concentration of SO2 is less than 50 mg/Nm3 in a coal-fired power plant, thereby achieving an ultralow emission requirement of the main pollutant under a condition of the near-zero emission of the waste water.

The invention relates to a system and a blending combustion method for a coal-fired power station boiler for large-proportion blending combustion of semi-coke. According to the system and the blendingcombustion method, the problems that the low-volatile semi-coke fuel is difficult to fire, poor in burnout performance and high in NOx emission during combustion are solved; optimization of a pulverizing system, dense-dilute regional combustion of semi-coke fuel, in-furnace layered blending combustion of the semi-coke and bituminous coal, pure oxygen over fire air arrangement and cold energy comprehensive utilization are comprehensively considered; a four-corner tangential combustion mode is adopted, a boiler hearth five-zone combustion environment is built, and a power station boiler systemfor large-proportion blending combustion of the semi-coke is developed, so that the proportion of blending combustion of the semi-coke is larger than or equal to 45%; low NOx emission of an outlet ofa hearth is realized while high-efficiency combustion of the semi-coke is realized; and low-temperature O2 and low-temperature N2 which are close to 0 DEG C and are obtained by air separation and obtained through an air-temperature type gasifier are used for realizing deep condensation of desulfurized clean flue gas, so that water in the clean flue gas is reduced to the maximum degree, corrosion of a chimney is reduced, white smoke is also eliminated, and visual pollution around a power station is reduced.

The invention provides a method for measuring boiler thermal efficiency of a coal fired power plant in real time. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, obtaining boiler structure parameters according to the boiler operation design discipline, and reading a real-time value of an operation working condition measuring point at a set moment from the real-time database of a DCS (Distributed Control System); step 2, calculating the specific enthalpy and density of a working medium and the specific heat and density of fume according to a working medium physical property parameter library and a fume physical property parameter library; step 3, respectively determining the energy output of each part on the boiler side and the total energy output at the set moment according to an vaporization system model, a heat exchanger system (including a superheater system and a reheater system) model and a heat loss model on the boiler side; Step 4, determining the boiler thermal efficiency. The method can be used for measuring the boiler thermal efficiency in an online manner and further providing a technical support for plant-level load scheduling.

The invention provides a 720-DEG C efficient ultra-supercritical secondary reheating power plant boiler and relates to a high-efficiency, safe, low-emission and low-manufacturing-cost 720-DEG C efficient ultra-supercritical secondary reheating power plant boiler which is used in a coal fired power station and matched with a parameter-optimized 720-DEG C efficient ultra-supercritical secondary reheating turboset. The parameters of a main steam inlet at a boiler side are optimized as 590 DEG C and 42MPa; primary reheating steam parameters are optimized as 723 DEG C and 10.5MPa; secondary reheating steam parameters are optimized as 603 DEG C and 2.1MPa; a tail smoke channel is divided into a front smoke channel, a middle smoke channel and a rear smoke channel by separation walls; hot primary air regulation baffles of an ejector are positioned in the boiler and are opened when in low load; by virtue of controlling the opening and use quantity of the hot primary air regulation baffles of the ejector, primary reheating steam temperature is maintained at a rated value within a BMCR (Boiler Maximum Continuous Rating) interval of 40%-100%; by virtue of changing the use sequence and use quantity of tempering air-smoke ejectors along the furnace width direction, the thermal deviation of a high-temperature surface along the furnace width direction can be compensated and reduced.

The invention discloses a method for generating power by gasifying integrated straws in a supercritical coal-fired generator set. The method comprises the following steps of: packing and forming biomass straws serving as a gasification raw material of a gasifier of a bubbling fluidized bed, wherein primary wind-heat air surplus in a power station and tail gas fume of a boiler are used as gasifying agents. A biomass gasifier is effectively integrated by simply modifying the conventional supercritical unit to make biomass gasified, combusted and generate power, so that the defect that the biomass is directly blended and combusted is effectively overcome, the influence of biomass ash on fly ash is avoided, and the problem that the conventional auger feeding equipment is easy to damage is solved; therefore, biomass energy can be efficiently utilized and pollutant emission of coal-fired power stations is further reduced.

The invention discloses a system and method for purifying and recycling amine liquid of a smoke CO2 trapping system for a coal-fired power plant. The system comprises an activated carbon filter and a security filter, which are communicated and used for removing solid particles and corrosion products, and a plurality of ion exchangers which are communicated with the security filter and used for removing thermal stable salts. The method comprises the following steps: with activated carbon and macroporous adsorption-strong base mixed anion exchange resin in combination, removing thermal stable salts by adopting strong base mixed anion exchange resin, and removing chromaticity color and a corrosion product ferric salt by adopting fine filtration of activated carbon and macroporous resin. Thus, the thermal stable salts can be efficiently removed, and meanwhile, the chromaticity color of a degenerative organic amine solution and corrosion products such as the ferric salt are removed; the efficiency of absorbing carbon dioxide by alcohol amine in the smoke trapping system for the coal-fired power plant is improved, and corrosion to equipment of the trapping system caused by the degenerative amine solution is relieved; meanwhile, energy consumption of the system is reduced, and the damage to the environment caused by emission of high-pollution solutions is avoided.

The invention discloses a garbage gasification coupling coal-fired power plant power generating apparatus and power generating process. The power generating apparatus comprises a garbage primary treatment unit, a garbage pyrolysis gasification unit, a garbage flying ash melting unit and a coal-fired power plant power generating unit. The power generating process comprises the following steps: pyrolysing and gasifying garbage by utilizing a circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace to generate high-temperature fuel gas, sending the high-temperature fuel gas into a coal-fired boiler, burning and coupling the high-temperature fuel gas to generate power, melting the garbage flying ash in a melting chamber, chilling, and using as a construction material or directly burying. The fuel gas obtained by pyrolysing and gasifying the garbage and high-temperature smoke generated by the molten slag are coupled with the coal-fired power station to generate the power, and the power generating efficiency is high; by adding dechloridation co-solvent in a gasification furnace, the emission amount of dioxin is far less than the international standard; and the garbage flying ash of the invention is molten and then chilled to form glassy slag which can be used as the construction material or can be directly buried, so that the floor occupation area is small, no heavy metal is leached, and safety and environmental protection can be realized.

A power generation system of a solar aided coal-fired power plant comprises a coal-fired power generation thermodynamic system and a solar heat collection and steam generation system, wherein the solar heat collection and steam generation system comprises a solar receiver which is used for absorbing solar energy, the coal-fired power generation thermodynamic system comprises a boiler, a turbine, a power generator and a condenser, the turbine at least comprises two steam inlets such as a primary steam inlet and a secondary steam inlet, superheated steam produced after the solar heat collection and steam generation system absorbs solar heat can be connected with the primary steam inlet of the turbine through a steam pipeline selectively, and the turbine is driven by the superheated steam and superheated steam produced by the boiler together and power is generated. The heat produced by the solar heat collection system is directly used for driving the turbine, so that the temperature of actual utilization of the solar energy is improved, and the conversion efficiency of solar aided power generation is improved.

The invention discloses an environment-friendly equipment performance prediction method based on coal-fired power plant operating data. According to the method, the operating data of unit environment-friendly equipment is collected, the data is preprocessed, noise interference and abnormal data are removed, and high-quality data is obtained; then, key factor recognition is performed on all collected state parameters of the environment-friendly equipment, and the state parameters which influence environment-friendly equipment performance and have large weights are selected to serve as input ofan environment-friendly equipment performance model; based on this, a data model for environment-friendly equipment performance prediction is set up depending on regression analysis and is trained; and data model evaluation indexes are selected to determine the effectiveness and accuracy of the data model. Through the method, the prediction model has high precision and high self-adaptability; andbased on the unit actual operating data and by aid of an efficient and intelligent data algorithm, the environment-friendly equipment performance of a coal-fired power plant can be predicted scientifically, efficiently and accurately, and an important technical foundation is laid for energy-saving optimization and fault diagnosis subject research and application of the environment-friendly equipment subsequently.

The invention discloses a bright welding wire for heat-resistant steel for an ultra-supercritical coal-fired power station and belongs to the technical field of welding materials. The welding wire comprises, by weight, 0.10-0.15% of C, 8.5-9.0% of Cr, 0.1-0.6% of Ni, 0.3-0.6% of Mn, 2.5-3.0% of Co, 2.0-2.7% of W, 0.020-0.035% of Nb, 0.001-0.010% of Zr, less than or equal to 0.006% of N, 0.16-0.20%of V, 0.003-0.010% of B, less than or equal to 0.20% of Si, less than or equal to 0.006% of P, less than or equal to 0.006% of S, less than or equal to 0.010% of O, less than or equal to 0.03% of Al,less than or equal to 0.01% of Ti and the balance Fe and inevitable impurity elements. The bright welding wire has the advantages that the welding wire has good welding process performance and excellent deposited metal flowability and formability, and the deposited metal after welding has excellent mechanical properties and good room temperature impact toughness.