Method and device for manufacturing silicon carbide aluminum-base composite materials with medium to high volume fractions

A silicon carbide-aluminum-based composite material technology, applied in the field of preparation of silicon carbide-aluminum-based composite materials, can solve problems such as the easy collapse of the silicon carbide skeleton, the presence of aluminum strips in the silicon carbide-aluminum-based composite material, and blockage of vent holes, etc., to achieve Uniform microstructure and grain, close to fully dense and stable, and reasonable device structure

CN103240400BActive Publication Date: 2015-03-11SOUTH CHINA UNIV OF TECH
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Publication Date
2015-03-11

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for manufacturing silicon carbide aluminum-base composite materials with medium to high volume fractions. The volume fractions of the silicon carbide aluminum-base composite materials range from 45% to 70%, and a special pressure maintaining and air exhausting device is specially designed for the method. A pressure casting process is adopted in the method. The method includes steps that two silicon carbide materials with different particle sizes are used as raw materials and are manufactured into powder according to requirements on the volume fractions of silicon carbide and a mass ratio of 1:0.4-4, and the powder is uniformly mixed; a silicon carbide porous framework is manufactured under the pressure ranging from 0.1MPa to 15MPa; and molten aluminum is poured into a preheated female mold and infiltrates to the silicon carbide porous framework after being pressed, so that a silicon carbide aluminum-base composite material is acquired. The method has the advantages that the infiltration pressure of the molten aluminum can be reasonably controlled, so that shortcomings of aluminum band formation and the like are effectively overcome; and crystal particles of microstructures of the silicon carbide aluminum-base composite materials with the medium to high volume fractions are uniform, are nearly fully densified and are stable in performance, the method is simple, convenient and speedy, the device is reasonable in structure, and the silicon carbide aluminum-base composite materials can be easily manufactured in an industrialized manner.
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Description

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a preparation technology of a silicon carbide aluminum-based composite material, specifically a method for preparing a medium-high volume silicon carbide aluminum-based composite material with a volume fraction of 45% to 70% and a device thereof. Background technique

[0002] Aluminum matrix composites have excellent properties such as high strength, high hardness, and high modulus of elasticity. As a new type of functional material and engineering material, it has broad application prospects in aerospace and other fields. However, due to factors such as preparation costs, the wide application of aluminum matrix composites is limited. Realizing the industrialization of the preparation of aluminum matrix composites has always been the goal pursued by researchers.

[0003] At present, the pressure infiltration method is an effective means to prepare aluminum matrix composites with high volume fraction. The pressure infiltratio...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0041] Example 1: Preparation of silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite material with a volume fraction of 45%

[0042] The pressure casting machine used in the preparation device of the medium-high volume silicon carbide aluminum-based composite material of the present invention and the pressure maintaining / exhausting device specially designed for realizing the method of the present invention, the pressure maintaining / exhausting device includes: graphite base plate 1 , die 3, graphite spacer block 4, punch 5, described die 3 comprises mold cavity 10, matching hole 11, ring 12, and described graphite base plate 1 is provided with step hole 7, buffer hole 8 and exhaust hole 9. The structural relationship of parts is as follows:

[0043] The cavity 10 of the concave mold 3 has a matching hole 11 at its lower part, and a circular ring 12 that acts as a seal above the matching hole 11. The matching hole 11 is an interference fit with the graphite base plate 1, and the cavity 10...

Embodiment 2

[0076] Example 2: Preparation of silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite material with a volume fraction of 60%

[0077] The preparation device is the same as in Example 1.

[0078] Preparation method is the same as embodiment 1 except following process condition:

[0079]The mass ratio of coarse and fine silicon carbide is 1:1.5; the average particle size of coarse silicon carbide is 58 μm, and the mass is 299.6 g; the average particle size of fine silicon carbide is 6.5 μm, and the mass is 499.3 g;

[0080] The pressure for pressing the silicon carbide porous skeleton is 10MPa;

[0081] A silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite material with a volume fraction of 60% was obtained. After testing the performance of the silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite material with a volume fraction of silicon carbide of 60%, the results showed that the flexural strength of the composite material reached 606MPa, and at 25°C to 120°C The coefficient of thermal expansion is 9.8032×...

Embodiment 3

[0082] Example 3: Preparation of silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite material with a volume fraction of 70%

[0083] The preparation device is the same as in Example 1.

[0084] Preparation method is the same as embodiment 1 except following process condition:

[0085] The mass ratio of coarse and fine silicon carbide is 1:0.4; the average particle size of coarse silicon carbide is 58 μm, the mass is 624.1 g, the average particle size of fine silicon carbide is 6.5 μm, and the mass is 249.6 g.

[0086] The pressure for pressing the silicon carbide porous framework is 15MPa

[0087] A silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite material with a volume fraction of 70% was obtained. After testing the performance of the silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite material with a volume fraction of silicon carbide of 70%, the results showed that the flexural strength of the composite material reached 542MPa, and at 25°C to 120°C The coefficient of thermal expansion is 6.8721×10 ...