Oxygen reduction catalyst and methods for preparing same

一种催化剂、氧化物的技术，应用在催化剂活化/制备、化学仪器和方法、物理/化学过程催化剂等方向，能够解决高性能、达不到Pt系催化剂、催化剂活性和耐久性不足等问题，达到高氧还原性能的效果

Active Publication Date: 2013-12-25
NAT UNIV CORP YOKOHAMA NAT UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] As catalysts not containing Pt, organometallic complexes, carbonitrides, transition metal chalcogenides, transition metal carbonitrides, transition metal nitrides, etc. are known, but they are all insufficient in terms of catalyst activity and durability , and cannot achieve higher performance than Pt-based catalysts

Method used

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  • Oxygen reduction catalyst and methods for preparing same
  • Oxygen reduction catalyst and methods for preparing same

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0058] Tantalum carbonitride (TaC) with a particle size of about 1 μm 0.5 N 0.5 ) into a rotary electric furnace (rotary kiln). It was kept at 1000°C for 10 hours in a mixed gas of carbon monoxide gas (diluted to 2% by volume with nitrogen as a carrier gas) and oxygen (diluted to 2% by volume with nitrogen as a carrier gas) to synthesize an oxygen reduction catalyst , which is a mixture of tantalum oxide and carbon.

[0059] Confirmed from powder X-ray diffraction measurements, the formation of 2 o 5 Structured oxide phase. The amount of oxygen vacancies was estimated by elemental analysis with an inert gas fusion infrared absorption method, and was found to be about 4 atomic % (hereinafter, marked as %).

[0060] The cross section of the catalyst was observed by TEM, and it was found that fine carbon having a slightly grown graphitic structure was deposited on its surface. The average primary particle size is 6nm. The carbon coverage of the surface estimated from the T...

Embodiment 2

[0062] A part of the oxygen reduction catalyst synthesized in Example 1 was kept in an ammonia stream at 670° C. for 3 hours to synthesize an oxygen reduction catalyst in which oxygen atoms of tantalum oxide and carbon atoms of carbon were each partially replaced by nitrogen atoms. It was confirmed from powder X-ray diffraction measurements that the b-Ta 2 o 5 Structured oxide phase. Here, the diffraction angles are found to be shifted towards lower angles. Using AlKα monochromatic light, the nuclear level spectrum of Ta4f was observed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and a shift to the lower energy side was seen, thus confirming that oxygen atoms were partially replaced by nitrogen atoms. Furthermore, in the nuclear level spectrum of C1s, such a peak shift confirming that carbon atoms were partially replaced by nitrogen atoms was observed.

Embodiment 3

[0070] Ti metal was sputtered onto the surface of the oxygen reduction catalyst synthesized in Comparative Example 1, and mixed with hydrogen (diluted to 2 vol% with nitrogen as a carrier gas) and oxygen (diluted to 2 vol% with nitrogen as a carrier gas) ) in a mixed gas at 1000°C for 10 hours. In this way, an oxygen reduction catalyst whose surface is partially covered with TiO x covered with tantalum oxide.

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Abstract

Provided is an oxygen reduction catalyst having high oxygen reduction performance. An oxygen reduction catalyst according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a transition metal oxide to which oxygen vacancies have been introduced; and a layer which is provided on the transition metal oxide and which contains an electron-conducting substance. A method for preparing the oxygen reduction catalyst according to another embodiment of the present invention uses a transition -metal carbonitride as the starting material and includes a step of heating the transition-metal carbonitride in an oxygen-containing mixed gas. A method for preparing the oxygen reduction catalyst according to another embodiment of the present invention uses a transition-metal phthalocyanine and carbon fiber powder as the starting materials and includes a step of heating both in an oxygen-containing mixed gas.

Description

technical field [0001] The present embodiment relates to an oxygen reduction catalyst for promoting an oxygen reduction reaction in an aqueous solution. In particular it relates to oxygen reduction catalysts for use in the air electrodes of electrochemical devices such as fuel cells and air cells, and methods for their preparation. Background technique [0002] Fuel cells and air cells are electrochemical energy devices in which, using oxygen in the air as an oxidant, energy generated by a chemical reaction of a compound used as a fuel with an anode active material is extracted as electrical energy. Fuel cells and air batteries have a higher theoretical energy content than secondary batteries such as Li-ion batteries, and can be used for in-vehicle power supplies, stationary power supplies in homes, factories, etc., power supplies for mobile electronic devices, etc. . [0003] On the oxygen electrode side of fuel cells and air cells, an electrochemical reaction occurs in w...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01J27/20B01J23/20B01J23/847B01J27/24B01J37/14H01M4/90
CPCB01J21/18B01J23/16B01J23/18B01J23/20B01J27/22B01J27/24B01J37/341H01M4/8657H01M4/8673H01M4/9016Y02E60/50H01M4/9083
Inventor 太田健一郎石原显光光岛重德松泽幸一浮田惠佑今井秀人松本匡史宫崎孝
Owner NAT UNIV CORP YOKOHAMA NAT UNIV
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