Preparation method of carbon nano tube-reinforced aluminum base composite material

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a carbon nano tube-reinforced aluminum base composite material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1), uniformly dispersing carbon nano tubes into a dispersant which has chemical inertness on pure aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder to obtain carbon nano tube dispersion liquid; (2), uniformly mixing the carbon nano tube dispersion liquid with the pure aluminum powder or the aluminum alloy powder, and drying to remove the dispersant to obtain a material mixture; (3), carrying out ball-milling onto the material mixture under protection of inert gases; and (4), carrying out cold pressing, normal-pressure sintering, hot-pressing and densifying under an atmospheric environment and hot-extrusion forming onto the ball-milled material mixture in sequence to obtain the carbon nano tube-reinforced aluminum base composite material. The preparation method disclosed by the invention further can reinforce the aluminum base body by utilizing co-action of base body processing and hardening, crystalline grain fining and reinforcing while bringing the excellent mechanical performances of the carbon nano tubes into play to reinforce the aluminum base body, so that tensile strength and wear resistance of the composite material are greatly improved; moreover, the carbon nano tube-reinforced aluminum base composite material with excellent performances can be industrially produced on a large scale.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an aluminum-based composite material, in particular to a preparation method of a carbon nanotube-reinforced aluminum-based composite material. Background technique [0002] The density of pure aluminum is small, ρ=2.7g / cm 3 , about 1 / 3 of iron, low melting point (660 ° C), aluminum is a face-centered cubic structure, so it has high plasticity and is easy to process, and can be made into various profiles and plates. The corrosion resistance of pure aluminum is good; but the strength of pure aluminum is low, and the σb value of the annealed state is about 8kgf / mm 2 , so it is not suitable for structural materials. Aluminum alloy has low density, but relatively high strength, close to or surpassing high-quality steel, good plasticity, can be processed into various profiles, has excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance, widely used in industry, second only to steel . [0003] Aluminum all...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] In the invention patent with the publication number CN101864547A, the carbon nanotubes are acidified, soaked for 40-50 hours, and a surfactant is added to try to improve the dispersibility of the carbon nanotubes. However, due to the long acidification time, the surface of the carbon nanotubes The structure has been severely damaged, which is not conducive to the performance of its own performance

[0007] In the invention patent with the publication number CN1730688, carbon nanotube-reinforced aluminum matrix composites were prepared by in-situ reaction of vapor deposition, but the process operation is cumbersome, and the requirements for process parameters are high, which is not conducive to large-scale industrial production

[0008] The invention patent with the publication number CN1827827 adopts the air hot pressing method to prepare the carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. This method does not pretreat the aluminum powder. Since the surface of the aluminum particles is smooth, if there is no plastic deformation, the carbon nanotube Nanotubes are not easy to embed, and at the same time, this method does not dry the liquid when the carbon nanotubes are embedded on the surface of the aluminum particles, which will lead to the re-agglomeration of the carbon nanotubes, which will have a serious adverse effect on the mechanical properties of the composite material

[0009] Therefore, in summary, there is still a lack of an effective and economical method for preparing carbon nanotube-reinforced aluminum matrix composites.

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