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Preparation method for crop straw active carbon

A technology of crop straw and activated carbon, which is applied in the field of activated carbon, can solve the problems of low nutrient content, unfit for power generation, and inability to effectively use it, and achieve the effect of reducing environmental pollution and good practicability

Inactive Publication Date: 2014-05-07
NANJING XIRUISI CHEM
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] my country is a large agricultural country. In 2006, the grain output reached 497.46 million tons, and the accompanying output of various crop straws reached more than 700 million tons. In addition to using it as fuel, building materials, feed and fertilizer, and power generation, There are still 60% of which cannot be effectively used and are discarded, which not only causes a large amount of waste of biomass energy, but also has a certain impact on the environment
The rice straw is not suitable for power generation and feedstuff because of its low calorific value and low nutrient content. The mass fraction of cellulose and hemicellulose contained in rice straw is about 70%, and the mass fraction of carbon element is even higher. Reached 38.54%, it is an excellent precursor for the preparation of activated carbon, but so far there are few reports in the literature using it to manufacture activated carbon

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0016] Soak the cut rice straw in 2% (Wt) NaOH solution for 48 hours, then take it out and wash it with distilled water until it is neutral, and dry it in an oven before use. The purpose of alkali leaching is to remove wax, ash and other water-soluble impurities on the surface of the material. The cleaned and dried samples were processed as follows: the dried samples were pre-oxidized in a constant temperature blast oven at 200°C for 2 hours. Then according to 1:5 (straw: (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 , mass ratio) impregnation ratio The sample is impregnated in (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 In the solution for 24 hours, take it out and dry it in an oven at 105°C. Put the pretreated raw materials into the carbonization furnace and activate them at 600°C. During the activation, nitrogen gas is introduced to protect the atmosphere, and the heating rate is controlled at 20°C·min. -1 , The activation time is 60min. After the activation is complete, cool down to room temperature under nitrogen protect...

Embodiment 2

[0018] Soak the cut rice straw in 3% (Wt) NaOH for 36 hours, then take it out and wash it with distilled water until it is neutral, and dry it in an oven before use. The purpose of alkali leaching is to remove wax, ash and other water-soluble impurities on the surface of the material. The cleaned and dried samples were processed as follows: the dried samples were pre-oxidized in a constant temperature blast oven at 200°C for 2 hours. Then according to 1:7 (straw: (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 , mass ratio) impregnation ratio The sample is impregnated in (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 In the solution for 30h, take it out and dry it in an oven at 105°C. Put the pretreated raw materials into the carbonization furnace for activation at 550°C, and nitrogen gas is introduced for atmosphere protection during activation, and the heating rate is controlled at 19°C·min -1 , The activation time is 1.5h. After the activation is complete, cool down to room temperature under nitrogen protection, take it out and...

Embodiment 3

[0020] Soak the cut rice straw in 1% (Wt) NaOH for 60 hours, then take it out and wash it with distilled water until it is neutral, and dry it in an oven before use. The purpose of alkali leaching is to remove wax, ash and other water-soluble impurities on the surface of the material. The cleaned and dried samples were processed as follows: the dried samples were pre-oxidized in a constant temperature blast oven at 200°C for 2 hours. Then according to 1:6.5 (straw: (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 , mass ratio) impregnation ratio The sample is impregnated in (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 In the solution for 20h, take it out and dry it in an oven at 105°C. Put the pretreated raw materials into the carbonization furnace and activate them at 650°C. During the activation, nitrogen gas is introduced to protect the atmosphere, and the heating rate is controlled at 20°C·min. -1 , The activation time is 60min. After the activation is complete, cool down to room temperature under nitrogen protection, take it...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method for crop straw active carbon. The method comprises: first, cut crop straws are pretreated with an alkaline solution, and then dried for standby; second, the treated crop straws are placed in a constant-temperature air blast baking oven and subjected to pre-oxidation at the temperature of 200 DEG C for 2h, then the oxidized crop straws are soaked in a (NH4)2HPO4 solution for 20-30h, then taken out and dried; third, the above dried crop straws are placed in a carbonization furnace and activated at the temperature of 550-850 DEG C, nitrogen is introduced for atmosphere protection during the activation, the heating rate is controlled at 19 DEG C / min, and the activation time is 1-1.5h; fourth, after the activation is completed, (NH4)2HPO4 remaining on the surface of the product and metal salts and ash generated during the preparation process are washed and removed; fifth, finally storage is carried out after drying. After tests, the product meets quality requirements. Compared with the prior art, the method employs crop straws to prepare active carbon, waste is used again, environmental pollution is reduced, and the prepared active carbon can be used for environmental cleaning. Compared with the prior art, the method has good practicality.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to activated carbon, in particular to a method for preparing activated carbon from crop straws. Background technique [0002] As a classic adsorption method, activated carbon (AC) adsorption is widely used in food, medicine, chemical industry, military industry and minerals. In our country, it has also expanded from traditional food and beverage purification and medicine to gas purification, desulfurization, solvent recovery and semiconductor industries. In recent years, it has been widely used especially in the fields of water treatment and environmental protection. Compared with other adsorbents, activated carbon has a larger specific surface area and unique microporous structure. After chemical modification, it can not only form a large number of unique functional groups on the surface, but also can be desorbed, separated and recovered after adsorption saturation. Therefore, the research work on the preparation of activated ca...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C01B31/12C01B32/342
Inventor 涂秀芹
Owner NANJING XIRUISI CHEM
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