Fluidized bed reactor of biomass tar

Abstract

The invention provides a fluidized bed reactor of biomass tar. The fluidized bed reactor at least comprises a reactor shell for containing a reaction material; a distributor is fixedly arranged at the lower part inside the reactor shell; a device for preventing a catalyst from escaping is arranged at the upper part of the reactor; a raw material inlet and a product outlet are formed in the reactor shell; the raw material inlet at least comprises a biomass tar inlet; the biomass tar inlet is arranged at the lower part of the lateral wall of the reactor shell and above the distributor. According to the fluidized bed reactor disclosed by the invention, the biomass tar inlet is arranged above the distributer, boiling is effectively performed by virtue of the impact effect of hydrogen and circulating liquid entering from the lower part of the distributor, and the condition that the catalyst fully contacts the biomass tar and is fully mixed with the biomass tar for quickly reacting can be ensured, so that the coking phenomenon generated by polymerization reaction of biomass tar is prevented.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a fluidized bed reactor, in particular to a fluidized bed reactor for biomass tar. Background technique [0002] With the development of society, human beings have an increasing demand for liquid energy. However, the existing oil reserves are increasingly in short supply. Therefore, it is urgent to find new energy sources. Biomass energy is a renewable energy source that can replace oil and coal. One of the important energy sources such as fossil fuels. [0003] In the field of biomass energy, biomass tar (commonly known as wood tar) is produced by pyrolysis and liquefaction of biomass, and then gasoline, diesel or aviation fuel are produced by refining biomass tar. Biomass tar has The following characteristics: ①The molecular weight is relatively large, and cracking is relatively difficult; ②The viscosity of the liquid at room temperature is relatively high; ③Contains a relatively high proportion of solids, and it is easy to ...

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Problems solved by technology

Because the ebullating bed reactor has the above-mentioned advantages in the petroleum industry, people begin to apply the ebullating bed reactor to the refining of biomass tar. However, due to the material characteristics of the above-mentioned biomass tar, the existing boiling Bed reactors still have the following problems in the extraction process of biomass tar: First, the existing ebullating bed reactors all adopt the bottom feeding method, in this way, the materials can obtain enough power in the reactor to boil And fully mixed, however, after the biomass tar enters the reactor, because the biomass tar has a certain replacement residence time at the bottom of the reactor, and the biomass tar undergoes violent polymerization and projection under the condition of high temperature and lack of catalyst. Severe coking phenomenon causes equipment blockage or even damage, making production impossible for a long time, low production capacity, and far from meeting needs; biomass tar needs to be pretreated (including filtration, decarbonization, etc.), which increases production process, which increases the production cost; in order to effectively achieve boiling, the existing equipment often reduces the catalyst particle size and increases the ratio of hydrogen to biomass tar, which increases the difficulty of separating the catalyst and liquid, causing damage to subsequent process equipment Therefore, how to use the boiling reactor for the extraction of biomass tar; and be able to solve the production obstacles caused by the characteristics of the biomass tar itself has become a difficult point to be solved urgently, especially how to avoid the biomass tar Coking occurs during refining

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