4K regenerative type low-temperature refrigerating machine and method by adoption of ultrasonic atomization device

Abstract

The invention relates to a 4K regenerative type low-temperature refrigerating machine by the adoption of an ultrasonic atomization device. The refrigerating machine comprises a first-stage compressor, a liquid helium temperature zone regenerative type low-temperature refrigerating machine body and the ultrasonic atomization device. When a refrigerating working medium (helium-4) is located at a low-temperature zone below 20 K, the performance of the helium-4 is closer to liquid in a condensed state because attraction among molecules is remarkably increased, so that pressure enthalpy loss, irreversible regenerative loss and heat conduction loss in a regenerator are increased rapidly, meanwhile, the expansion efficiency of the helium is reduced, and loss caused by an actual gas effect is gradually increased. Therefore, the key is how to decrease the loss caused by the actual gas effect in order to improve the efficiency of the regenerative type low-temperature pulse tube refrigerating machine at a liquid helium temperature zone. Based on the ultrasonic atomization principle, the ultrasonic atomization device is installed at the liquid helium temperature zone, so that liquid helium is atomized, and the helium works in a state closer to ideal gas. The 4K regenerative type low-temperature refrigerating machine is of great significance for the improvement of refrigeration efficiency at the low-temperature zone.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a refrigerator, in particular to a liquid helium temperature zone regenerative cryogenic refrigerator using an ultrasonic atomization device. Background technique [0002] The regenerative cryogenic refrigerator is mainly composed of a regenerator, a compressor, a room temperature heat exchanger, a cold end heat exchanger, an expansion mechanism, and a phase adjustment mechanism. Regenerative cryogenic refrigerators have the advantages of simple structure, high reliability, long life, high heat recovery efficiency, and low flow resistance at low temperatures. Therefore, regenerative cryogenic refrigerators have gradually become a research hotspot in the field of cryogenic refrigeration in recent years. [0003] Several common low-temperature regenerative refrigerators include Stirling refrigerators, G-M refrigerators, and pulse tube refrigerators. [0004] In order to obtain excellent refrigeration performance, fluids with sup...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] Although helium is an ideal low-temperature refrigerant working fluid, as the temperature zone continues to drop, the pressure enthalpy loss, irreversible heat exchange loss and heat conduction loss in the regenerator in the low temperature zone below 20K will increase. The expansion rate of helium decreases, the loss caused by the actual gas effect gradually increases, and the cooling capacity in the liquid helium temperature zone is almost exhausted

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