Straw composting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a straw composting method. The straw composting method comprises two stages of stack retting and compositing, wherein the stack retting stage comprises the following steps: establishing a stack retting pit, then, putting the straws into the stack retting pit, adding thin-layer soil every 50cm-thick straws, stacking the straws to a position 1.5-2 meters above the ground to form a straw pile which is high at the periphery of the stack top and sunken in middle, then, watering from the straw pile until the pit blow the straw pile body is filled up with water, adding soil to cover the top, and carrying out stack retting for 45-70 days; the composting stage comprises the following steps: turning over the stack-retting straws in the pit to the ground, stacking the straws into a pile, and performing semi-aerobic decomposing until the straws are thoroughly decomposed, and the compositing time is 30-50 days; the straws become brown to black brown, the wet straw residues are soft and easy to break, and the straws are broken upon touch after being dried in air to obtain a compost product. The straw composting method disclosed by the invention comprises two stages of early-stage stack retting and later-stage composting. By virtue of the straw stack retting, the straws absorb water sufficiently to reduce the compost size, and ester bonds of straw wax layers of the straws which do not absorb water are opened by virtue of the retting, so that the decomposition of the straws is promoted; by virtue of the later-stage semi-aerobic decomposing, humus substances are produced to ensure the quality of the compost.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural straw resources, and in particular relates to a straw composting method. Background technique [0002] Returning straw directly to the field will cause problems such as imbalance of soil carbon and nitrogen ratio, accumulation of organic acids, difficulty in tillage and sowing, and poor growth of new seedlings. Every year during the crop harvest season, a large amount of straw is burned or discarded randomly, which has become a serious social and environmental problem. Straw composting is to turn crop straws into high-quality organic fertilizers. It not only solves agricultural waste straws, but also produces high-quality organic fertilizers, improves soil, improves soil fertility, and protects the ecological environment. It is of great significance to national food security and sustainable agricultural development. . However, there are many problems in the current promotion of straw compos...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, there are many problems in the promotion of straw composting technology at present. The main problems are: 1. The key to the success of straw composting is to allow the straw to fully absorb water, and the water content must reach 60-70%, while wheat, rice and other straws have a waxy layer, which is not easy Absorbing water, it is difficult to achieve the water content required for composting, which is the main reason for the poor effect of traditional composting; 2. It is necessary to add organic fertilizers, chemical fertilizers, composting agents, etc., especially organic fertilizers smell bad and use a large amount, which increases work Composting agents such as Huganling have unstable composting effects, or even no effect; 3. It needs to be sealed with mud or plastic film, which makes the composting operation cumbersome; 4. Repeated turning and adding water require a lot of labor

5. If mechanized aerobic composting requires large-scale machinery and sites, straw handling requires a lot of labor, and a lot of power is consumed during the composting process

Due to the cumbersome operation, large amount of labor and poor composting effect of the currently promoted straw composting technology, it is difficult to promote it in large areas in rural areas. Therefore, finding a straw composting technology that is easy to operate and has a good composting effect is the key to solving the problem of efficient utilization of agricultural waste and crop straw.

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