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Preparation method of aid for straw returning to fields

A technology of field auxiliaries and straw, which is applied in the field of preparation of straw returning auxiliaries, can solve problems such as easy leaching of nutrients with water, agricultural non-point source pollution, and slow degradation of straw, so as to reduce nutrient loss, improve soil structure, and accelerate The effect of straw degradation

Inactive Publication Date: 2015-07-22
HEFEI INSTITUTES OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, straw returning to the field as one of the effective ways to solve the straw problem has attracted widespread attention. After returning crop straw to the field, it can increase soil nutrients and improve crop yield and quality, but at the same time it may have a negative impact on the agricultural environment, and the slow degradation of straw affects Cultivation and crop germination; pathogenic bacteria and insect eggs carried by straw enter the soil and cause pests and diseases; nutrients transformed by straw are easily leached with water, causing agricultural non-point source pollution, etc.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0026] A preparation method of straw returning auxiliary agent, comprising the following steps:

[0027] (1) Corn stalks, wheat stalks, rice stalks, and camphor twigs are respectively pulverized into 1cm×1cm×1cm sized particles, and mixed evenly according to the mass ratio of 3:1:2:1;

[0028] (2) The particle mixture obtained in step (1) is mixed under anaerobic conditions with air and nitrogen at a volume ratio of 1:2, and burned for 10 hours to complete carbonization, and then crushed to 200 mesh to obtain composite biochar;

[0029] (3) Mix the composite biochar prepared in (2) with 200 mesh attapulgite, 200 mesh fulvic acid, and 300 mesh sodium acrylate in a mass ratio of 6:3:2:2, and then add it to tap water Configured as a 3g / L suspension in the medium;

[0030] (4) At 50 degrees Celsius, utilize a high-energy electron beam (2MeV) to irradiate the suspension obtained in (3) for 1 minute, with a dose of 20kGy, and then at 70 degrees Celsius, utilize gamma rays (1MeV) to...

Embodiment 2

[0035] A preparation method of straw returning auxiliary agent, comprising the following steps:

[0036] (1) Corn stalks, wheat stalks, rice stalks, and camphor twigs are respectively pulverized into 2cm×2cm×2cm sized particles, and mixed evenly according to the mass ratio of 5:3:4:3;

[0037] (2) The particle mixture obtained in (1) was burned for 20 hours under anaerobic conditions (air and nitrogen were mixed according to the volume ratio of 2:3) to complete carbonization, and then crushed to 400 mesh to obtain composite biochar;

[0038] (3) Mix the composite biochar prepared in (2) with attapulgite (300 mesh), fulvic acid (400 mesh), and sodium acrylate (500 mesh) according to the mass ratio of 9:5:4:4. Mix, then add to tap water to configure a suspension of 8g / L;

[0039] (4) At 75 degrees Celsius, utilize a high-energy electron beam (5MeV) to irradiate the suspension obtained in (3) for 1-2 minutes, with a dose of 40kGy, and then at 95 degrees Celsius, use gamma rays (...

Embodiment 3

[0044] A preparation method of straw returning auxiliary agent, comprising the following steps:

[0045] (1) Corn stalks, wheat stalks, rice stalks, and camphor twigs were respectively pulverized into particles of 1.5cm×1.5cm×1.5cm in size, and mixed evenly according to the mass ratio of 4:2:3:2;

[0046](2) The particle mixture obtained in (1) was burned for 15 hours under anaerobic conditions (air and nitrogen were mixed according to the volume ratio of 3:5) to complete carbonization, and then crushed to 300 mesh to obtain composite biochar;

[0047] (3) Mix the composite biochar prepared in (2) with attapulgite (250 mesh), fulvic acid (300 mesh), and sodium acrylate (400 mesh) according to the mass ratio of 8:4:3:3. Mix, then add to tap water to configure a 5g / L suspension;

[0048] (4) At 65 degrees Celsius, utilize a high-energy electron beam (3MeV) to irradiate the suspension obtained in (3) for 1.5 minutes, with a dose of 30kGy, and then at 80 degrees Celsius, utilize ...

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PUM

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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of an aid for straw returning to fields. The preparation method comprises steps as follows: corn straw, wheat straw, rice straw and camphor branches are crushed into granules respectively and evenly mixed; an obtained granule mixture is burnt, charred and crushed under the anaerobic condition, and composite charcoal is obtained; the prepared composite charcoal is evenly mixed with attapulgite, fulvic acid and sodium acrylate, and then the mixture is added to tap water, and a suspension is prepared; a fulvic acid-sodium polyacrylate-charcoal-attapulgite compound is evenly mixed with avermectin, and the efficient aid for straw returning to fields is prepared. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the aid for the straw returning to the fields has the advantages as follows: the aid, prepared with the method, for the straw returning to the fields is an organic-inorganic nanocomposite, degradation of the straw is accelerated through physical, chemical and nanometer effects, pathogenic bacteria are inhibited, the soil structure is improved, and the nutrient loss is reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a preparation method of an auxiliary agent for straw returning to the field. Background technique [0002] The annual output of crop straw in my country is as high as 620 million tons, but the utilization rate of straw is only about 30%, and a large amount of straw is burned, which produces a large amount of greenhouse gases (nitrogen oxides, CH 4 , CO 2 ) and discharged into the air, aggravating the greenhouse effect and causing serious agricultural non-point source pollution. It is estimated that 5%-20% of CO is in the atmosphere every year 2 and 15%-30% CH 4 Derived from soil, especially farmland soil. In addition, the burning of straw will produce smog, which not only intensifies the degree of smog, but also seriously affects the transportation industry. Therefore, the problem of straw burning has become one of the major problems to be solved urgently in the field of agriculture in our country. [0003] At present, st...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C05G3/00C05G3/04C05G3/80
Inventor 蔡冬清吴正岩吴丽芳张欣
Owner HEFEI INSTITUTES OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI