A method and device for pyrolysis and carbonization of organic waste

Abstract

The invention relates to a pyrolysis and carbonization treatment method for organic wastes, which comprises a heating part: a burner is arranged, and a fire port of the burner is passed into a combustion chamber to obtain high-temperature flue gas; a pretreatment part: the sludge is placed before the In the treatment room, the high temperature flue gas from the heating part is introduced for heating; the carbonization treatment part: the pre-treated sludge is sent to the carbonization treatment room, and the high temperature flue gas from the heating part is introduced for heating; the gas treatment part: collected separately The gas-phase products produced in the pretreatment and carbonization treatment are condensed by water spraying to obtain the first oil and the first non-condensable gas, the second oil and the second non-condensable gas respectively; the gas utilization part: the The second non-condensable gas is introduced into the combustion chamber of the heating part for combustion; the invention also provides a device for realizing the method. The invention has the advantages of simplified process, simple equipment, stable and reliable operation, short carbonization time, high utilization rate of heat energy and high oil recovery rate.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention belongs to the field of resource utilization of organic waste, and more specifically relates to a method and device for pyrolysis and carbonization of organic waste. Background technique: [0002] Industrial wastes discharged from traditional agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, aquaculture or food processing industries, as well as wastes discharged from various shops, enterprises, ordinary households, etc., contain wastes containing organic matter, of which only 3% is composted or used as animal feed, and the rest is disposed of through landfill or incinerators. In addition, it also includes sewage and sludge-based waste generated during oil exploitation, as well as medical waste discharged from hospitals, etc. Incineration treatment will produce acid gases (such as HCL, SOX, HF, etc.), Toxic gases and substances such as nitrogen oxides (Nox), dioxins (PCDDS / PCDFS) and heavy metals (Hg, Pb) seriously pollute the environment. On th...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] In the actual use process, according to the applicant's reflection, this method can better complete the disposal of municipal solid waste, medical waste, stale waste, waste tires, waste plastics, industrial waste, sludge, kitchen waste, and garden branches and leaves. Pyrolysis of one of the waste and livestock manure, but it has a series of problems as follows: different pyrolysis steps are carried out in the pyrolysis furnace, and the pyrolysis carbon step of combustible waste will be accompanied by two other thermal However, different pyrolysis steps require different temperatures for pyrolysis, and the reaction time in the pyrolysis furnace is also different. The composition of the gas products produced by the two steps is also very different. For example, in the early water evaporation process The gas produced has the problems of high water content and low calorific value, so the heat required for different pyrolysis steps cannot be automatically adjusted according to actual needs; in addition, the method requires pretreatment to reduce the moisture content of raw materials to below 30% in the early stage process; this method is batch processing and cannot achieve continuous processing; the overall process and corresponding structure are complex, the heat utilization rate is low, and the production cost is high

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