Copper-alkaline storage battery

Abstract

The invention discloses a copper-alkaline storage battery, and can be widely applied to the technical field of electrochemical storage batteries. The copper-alkaline storage battery comprises a cathode plate, an anode plate and alkaline electrolyte. A copper sheet is used as a matrix of the cathode plate, the anode plate comprises grids and active substances, copper sheets are punched or subjected to copper casting to form the grids, the active substances which include copper oxide and acetylene black are coated on the grids, the grids are packaged in a copper shell by the aid of alkali-proof paper, meshes are formed in two sides of the copper shell, the alkaline electrolyte is mixed liquid of potassium zincate and potassium hydroxide, zinc oxide is dissolved in aqueous liquor of the potassium hydroxide to obtain the mixed liquid, the potassium zincate can be reduced to obtain the potassium hydroxide and zinc when the copper-alkaline storage battery is charged, and zinc molecules can be deposited on a cathode; the zinc and the potassium hydroxide react to each other to generate the potassium zincate and hydrogen when the copper-alkaline storage battery is discharged, the hydrogen is oxidized by the copper oxide to obtain water, the copper oxide is turned into cuprous oxide due to oxygen loss, and the same reversible reaction can be repeatedly carried out and is permanently reversible. The copper-alkaline storage battery has the advantages that a process for manufacturing the copper-alkaline storage battery is simple, the battery is high in capacity and reliability, low in cost, free of pollution and long in service life, and is environmental friendly.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical storage batteries, in particular to a copper-alkali storage battery. Background technique [0002] Since the French scientist Plant invented the lead-acid battery in 1860, people have been exploring the application and development of electrochemistry, but there are still many defects and deficiencies in the existing storage battery in the prior art: the lead-acid battery has a long history, and its technology It is also relatively mature, with many advantages such as low price, abundant raw materials, and excellent performance, but the number of cycles is only a few hundred to more than a thousand, especially the lead sulfate of the negative plate and the rot of the lead grid of the positive plate. The stubborn problem that is still difficult to solve has not yet found a thorough and effective solution. In addition, there are a large number of unreasonable recycling in China's lead-acid ba...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0002] Since the French scientist Plant invented the lead-acid battery in 1860, people have been exploring the application and development of electrochemistry, but there are still many defects and deficiencies in the existing storage battery in the prior art: the lead-acid battery has a long history, and its technology It is also relatively mature, with many advantages such as low price, abundant raw materials, and excellent performance, but the number of cycles is only a few hundred to more than a thousand, especially the lead sulfate of the negative plate and the rot of the lead grid of the positive plate. The stubborn problem that is still difficult to solve has not yet found a thorough and effective solution. In addition, there are a large number of unreasonable recycling in China's lead-acid battery industry chain, which has led to serious lead pollution in some areas; silver-zinc batteries are caused by high prices. Because of the high price, it cannot be used in the field of large-scale energy storage. It can only be used as a miniature button battery for small electrical appliances, such as calculators, etc. Lithium-ion batteries have high single voltage and large current. , but the manufacturing process is complicated, the cost is high, and the price is expensive. It is the best battery for high-end electrical appliances such as mobile phones, digital cameras, and notebook computers. However, its cost is high and the number of cycles is not very high. It is unacceptable in the field of high-power use

[0003] Patent CN2169926Y introduces a copper-zinc alkaline storage battery. Its positive plate is a microporous copper plate sintered with spherical copper powder, and its negative plate is a zinc plate. The zinc plate will form rotten broken after repeated electrochemical reactions, and the service life is short, which is also the reason why this technical solution cannot be popularized, and the present invention utilizes the chemical property that potassium hydroxide aqueous solution cannot react with copper, and its The negative plate uses copper sheet as the substrate. When charging, the copper sheet is coated with a layer of zinc as the active material of the negative plate. When discharging, zinc reacts with potassium hydroxide to form potassium metazincate and hydrogen gas, while the positive plate uses Copper oxide is used as the oxidant of the storage battery. The copper oxide absorbs the hydrogen generated by the negative electrode and oxidizes it into water. The copper oxide loses part of the oxygen and becomes cuprous oxide. Such a reversible reaction goes round and round, which effectively solves this problem.