The invention discloses a method for controlling and blocking growth of
zinc dendrites based on
ion supply and a high-stability
nickel-
zinc battery constructed based on the method. Specifically, in an alkaline
zinc electrochemical
system, a
composite electrolyte system with a gel layer-
electrolyte membrane layer-gel layer sandwich structure is constructed. In a
composite electrolyte system, the gel
layers on the two sides provide
electrolyte maintenance and interface stability, and the middle
electrolyte membrane layer forms a
barrier layer for polyhydroxy anions such as
zincate radicals and the like, so that an
ion migration path is regulated and controlled in a battery operation process, and the penetration risk of
metal zinc deposition to the diaphragm is blocked. The positive
electrode material can be matched with a
nickel-
cobalt layered double
hydroxide positive
electrode material which is doped with high-charge-density
metal ions and is regulated and controlled by a Co / Ni ratio for use, a constructed
nickel-zinc battery can be recycled for more than 3000 times under
high current density (5A. G <-1 >), the capacity
retention ratio exceeds 75%, and diaphragm puncture failure caused by dendritic crystals does not occur in a long-term operation process.