The invention aims to provide a liquid cooling dynamic heat management system for a power battery. The system comprises a battery module, a liquid cooling plate, an outer circulating pump, a liquid storage tank, a multifunctional sensor, an inner circulating pump, a heater, a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a plate heat exchanger and a charging and discharging instrument, the system comprises a battery liquid cooling unit, a compressor unit refrigeration unit, a liquid cooling internal circulation unit, a liquid cooling external circulation unit, an environment simulation unit, a dataacquisition unit, a battery charging and discharging unit and the like. The multi-branch design can ensure that the system selects a proper heat management strategy to work according to the heat production power of the battery, dynamic monitoring and intelligent control of the whole power battery liquid cooling and heating management system are realized, and the energy consumption of the system can be greatly reduced.