Breeding method of high-photosynthetic-efficiency core collections of rape

Abstract

A breeding method of high-photosynthetic-efficiency core collections of rape comprises steps as follows: (1) screening of a high-photosynthetic-efficiency material of the rape; (2) screening of a high-photosynthetic-efficiency breeding nursery material; (3) rolling management of a high-photosynthetic-efficiency breeding nursery; (4) directional breeding of a high-photosynthetic-efficiency material; (5) hybrid improvement of the high-photosynthetic-efficiency material; (6) comprehensive identification of the high-photosynthetic-efficiency core collections. The breeding method has the characteristics that quantization and mechanical repetition can be realized, the non-transgenic technology is adopted and risks are avoided, increases the crop yield through improvement on the photosynthetic efficiency and has enormous yield increasing potential. With the adoption of the method, the requirement for screening the high-photosynthetic-efficiency collections of the rape can be met and the rape breeding method can be enriched and perfected; meanwhile, the method can provide beneficial reference for carrying out high-photosynthetic-efficiency breeding of other crops.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for breeding crops, in particular to a method for breeding high-light-efficiency core germplasm of rapeseed. Background technique [0002] my country's annual import of edible vegetable oil has reached more than 65%, which has seriously exceeded the international security warning line; and with the growth of population and the reduction of arable land, the oil crisis will become more and more serious. Rapeseed is the largest oil crop in my country and the fifth largest crop after rice, wheat, corn, and soybean. Rapeseed oil accounts for more than 50% of the self-produced vegetable oil. Rapeseed occupies an important position in my country's grain and oil production system. Therefore, the development of rapeseed production is of great significance to ensure the safety of edible oil in my country and promote the development of animal husbandry. However, the production level of rapeseed has been hovering at 3000-3750kg / hm...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] The acquisition of high light efficiency germplasm is the top priority of high light efficiency breeding. In the prior art, the acquisition of high light efficiency germplasm of crops mainly adopts artificial mutagenesis (radiation, distant hybridization) to obtain variation, and adopts genetic engineering technology (transferred to PEPC , PPDK and other C 4 pathway photosynthetic enzymes), screening mutants using the "same room effect", improving plant type traits, activating or increasing C 3 C in crops 4 Methods such as pathway enzymes, the above existing methods pay too much attention to the improvement of single or a few photosynthetic physiological factors (such as photosynthetic rate, photosynthetic enzyme content or activity), only reflect the photosynthetic state of crops from a local perspective, and there are many factors for screening and comparison It is a photosynthetic physiological index, lacking the overall evaluation and comparison of materials; the data used are mostly the results measured in the laboratory, which are quite different from the real growth environment of crops, resulting in a large deviation between the experimental results and the actual situation

Therefore, although the high photosynthetic traits of the high photosynthetic germplasm screened are good, the economic yield is low, and the comprehensive traits such as quality and resistance are poor, so it is difficult to be widely used in production; It is quite difficult. Therefore, after nearly 50 years of hard work, only two crops, soybean and rice, have achieved initial success in breeding, and the breeding of other major grain and oil crops with high light efficiency has progressed slowly.

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