Method for returning crop stalks to field by microbial fermentation

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for returning crop stalks to the field by microbial fermentation. The method for returning crop stalks to the field comprises the following steps: crop stalks treatment, applying of farm manure, fermenting treatment and cropland application. According to the method for returning crop stalks to the field by microbial fermentation, penicillium oxalicum NJGZ-2 bacteria as microorganisms and a biogas digester are combined to ferment and degrade the crop stalks which are returned to the field directly, environmental pollution caused by crop stalk waste can be reduced, furthermore, the fermenting time can be shortened, fermenting temperature can be increased effectively, the purpose of thoroughly killing some pathogens such as insect ova and vectors is achieved, degraded soil can further be repaired, development of green agriculture is facilitated, and sustainable development of the agriculture is promoted.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of crop straw utilization, and relates to a technical method for resource utilization of straw wastes, in particular to a method for returning straws fermented by microorganisms to fields. Background technique [0002] With the improvement of farmers' living standards and the development of science and technology, it is no longer necessary to burn straw for cooking and boiling water. Straw has become a kind of agricultural waste, and straw is generally burned on the spot and returned to the field, which not only wastes resources, but also seriously pollutes Air, reasonable straw returning to the field can increase soil organic matter, improve soil structure, loosen the soil, increase porosity, reduce capacity, and promote microbial activity and crop root development. It will also lead to the increase of soil pathogens, aggravation of crop diseases, lack of seedlings, stiff seedlings and other undesirable phenomena. Th...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0002] With the improvement of farmers' living standards and the development of science and technology, it is no longer necessary to burn straw for cooking and boiling water. Straw has become a kind of agricultural waste, and straw is generally burned on the spot and returned to the field, which not only wastes resources, but also seriously pollutes Air, reasonable straw returning to the field can increase soil organic matter, improve soil structure, loosen the soil, increase porosity, reduce capacity, promote microbial activity and the development of crop root systems, straw returning to the field has a significant effect on increasing fertilizer and production, but if the method is not appropriate, It will also lead to the increase of soil pathogens, aggravation of crop diseases, lack of seedlings, stiff seedlings and other undesirable phenomena. Therefore, only by adopting reasonable measures for returning straw to the field can a good return effect be achieved

At present, the technology of returning fermented straw to the field through biogas digesters has been fully mature and widely used, but there are many problems, mainly because the fermentation time is too long, and some pathogens such as insect eggs and bacteria in the straw cannot be completely killed during the fermentation process. Pests and diseases are prone to occur after returning to the field