68 results about "Degraded soils" patented technology

The invention relates to a process for simultaneously preparing charcoal, gas, and liquid products with crop stalks and the application thereof. The process is that the crop stalks (rice husk, nut shell, branches of fruit trees, wooden and bamboo waste materials, and the like) are conveyed to a gasification furnace, the gasification furnace is provided with oxygen by the employment of controlling the height of the a batch layer and the air quantity of an air extractor, and the air achieved via gas-liquid separation is conveyed into a gas turbine for generating or directly supplied to users, vinegar fluid is achieved by condensing and reclaiming the liquid, the vinegar fluid can be processed to be antiseptic solution and deodorizer which are used in livestock places, and also can be processed to be pesticide agent or pesticide which can resist insect and disease, further can be used for foliage fertilizer which can promote the growth of crops and has perfect effect in the production of organic vegetable, fruits and agronomic crops. Straw charcoal achieved from imperfect burnt straws is rich in essential nutrients for the growth of crops, which has a long term slow releasing action for water and fertilizer, has improvement and renovation effect for the soil which is polluted and degenerated by heavy metal, and can be processed to be organic compound fertilizer or insulating material of iron and steel industry and the like.

The invention discloses a solid microbial bacterium agent for petroleum degradation. The agent is prepared by mixing of the following components by weight: 85-90 parts of a microbial bacterial fertilizer, and 10-15 parts of a mixed fermentation solution of Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus pumilus. In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the solid microbialbacterium agent. The solid microbial bacterium agent provided in the invention can introduce beneficial microorganisms into the soil, optimize the soil microbial system, enhance physical properties of the soil, enhance soil biological activity, and restore hardened and degraded soil, thus being an eco-environment-friendly green bacterium agent. Application of the solid microbial bacterium agent provided in the invention in the soil can promote crop growth, degrade and transform petroleum pollutants in the soil, and also can enhance the stress resistance of crops, as well as improve crop yield.

The invention provides soil activating powder; the components are as follows in parts by weight: 50 to 70 parts of organic fermentation product, 10 to 25 parts of sucrose, 15 to 35 parts of straw green powder, 5 to 10 parts of bacterial cellulose, 3 to 7 parts of Xanthan, 5 to 15 parts of humic acid, 0.05 to 0.2 part of pH buffer, and 0.1 to 0.5 part of soil disinfectant. The soil activating powder can comprehensively improve and control the physical structure, the fertility, the microbial activity, the water characteristics, the cohesion anti-erosion capability and the like of the soil, has the advantages of strong functions, low cost, simple use, applicability to the improvement of various poor degraded soil and the like, and is mainly used for the improvement of various poor soil.

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological environment and discloses a grassland degraded soil conditioner and an application method thereof. The grassland degraded soil conditioner isprepared from the following components by mass: 2 kg of a microbial water-retaining agent, 47 kg of biological carbon, 100 kg of organic fertilizer and 1 kg of AM fungi. The application method comprises the following steps: 2 kg of the microbial water retention agent, 47 kg of biological carbon, 100 kg of the organic fertilizer and 1 kg of the AM fungi are weighed respectively and mixed uniformlyfor standby application; the mixed fertilizer is uniformly applied to the degraded grassland, irrigation is performed or sprinkling irrigation is performed once after ploughing, and high-quality herbage is sown; topdressing is performed again after the herbage grows to the seedling stage. Aiming at two important influence factors restricting productivity of grassland soil, the invention providesone novel grassland degraded soil conditioner suitable for grassland restoration.

The present invention relates to a kind of degraded soil recovering preparation and belongs to the field of degraded soil recovering technology. The degraded soil recovering preparation is prepared with organic waste, biological charcoal and probiotics as material, and through microwave sterilization, fast microbial fermentation and microwave stoving of organic waste, and the mixing of organic waste, biological charcoal and probiotics. The present invention prepares degraded soil recovering preparation with organic waste to increase the organic matter content in the soil and raise the fertility of soil, biological charcoal to adsorb and lock chemical pollutant and purify soil, and probiotics to improve soil structure stably, so as to recover the ecological environment of oil for organic food production.

The invention discloses a degraded soil improving method with stylosanthes guianensis as ecological forage. The JinshaRiver dry-hot valley degraded soil is chosen to be treated with the method. According to the method, thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure and calcium superphosphate are applied during soil preparation, stylosanthes guianensis seedlings are transplanted in the rainy season, urea is further applied for one to two times when the stylosanthes guianensis seedlings germinate, timely drainage is guaranteed in the rainy season and the soil water content is limited below 15%, timely watering is guaranteed in the arid season and the soil water content is kept above 3%, 50% carbendazim wettable powder is used every year to prevent the occurrence of anthracnose, and 20% acetamiprid powder 3000 times liquid is used to kill aphids or armyworms in a spraying mode. According to the ecological characteristic of the Jinsha River dry-hot valley degraded soil, the method fully utilizes characteristics, such as drought-enduring, growing fast, cutting-enduring, strong nitrogen fixing capacity, strong adaptability and extensive management, of the stylosanthes guianensis, soil organic matter, the total nitrogen and available phosphorus content, and soil water contents in soil layers of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm in the arid season are greatly improved.

The invention provides a construction method of plant community in South China, comprising the following steps of selecting plant seeds of grasses, shrub and arbor; treating a part of the seeds; preparing a seed mixture; preparing a substrate mixture; preparing a seed and substrate mixture; jetting the seed and substrate mixture; controlling the herb height and the density of the shrub and the arbor; spraying paclobutrazol physic liquor to herbs; spraying stress resistant high nutrition foliar fertilizer to the arbor; and finally, carrying out conventional management. The invention can promote the seeds to fast and safely germinate, guarantee stable structure and function of artificial vegetation, and efficiently shorten the succession period from the artificial vegetation to natural vegetation, and is used for the construction method of geotechnical wound surfaces including slopes, abandoned dreg sites and mining places and plant communities of degraded soils in the South China.

The invention discloses a production method of amino acid fertilizer allowing drip irrigation and water punching. The production method is characterized in that trace element chelates of amino acid, nitrogen, phosphor, potassium and multiple conditioning agents of an imported active enzyme, a soil conditioner, a growth promoter, a fruit coloring and expansion agent, a toner, a rooting powder, bioactive peptides and alginic acid chitin are adopted and prepared into an amino acid chelate trace element fertilizer allowing drip irrigation and water punching. The amino acid chelate trace element fertilizer allowing drip irrigation and water punching can effectively promote forming of a soil granular structure, can recover a soil granular structure, can loosen soil, can realize aeration, water percolation, moisture conservation and fertilizer efficiency preservation of soil, has good improved effects on over-clayey soil, over-sandy soil, degraded soil, barren soil and saline-alkaline soil, and is suitable for drops of cotton, paddy rice, corn, wheat, rape, fruits, vegetables, sunflower and the like. The production method has the advantages that amino acid chelates are adopted, thus a trace element utilization rate is improved; production technology is simple; cost is low; and important equipment is not needed.

The invention discloses a method for accelerating plant community succession, promoting wetland ecological system functions and quickly restoring ecological functions of coastal wetlands. The technical scheme is as follows: the method is characterized by comprising the steps as follows: 1) preparation of bio-fertilizer: seeds of suaeda of pioneer species of the coastal wetlands are sowed in large experimental fields, suaeda plants are dug, root soil is collected and mixed uniformly with crushed plant fragments, the mixture is bagged for water logging; 2) fertilization and soil ploughing: in spring, the bio-fertilizer is spread on the degraded soil of the coastal wetlands, and the soil is ploughed; 3) colonization of the sowed suaeda and soil transformation: the seeds of the suaeda are sowed after the soil is ploughed, and colonization lasts for one year; 4) continued transformation and upgrading of the soil: in the following spring, seeds of plants such as zoysia japonica, apocynum venetum and the like are sowed, so that transient plant communities of the wetlands grow quickly; and 5) natural restoration of the ecological functions of the wetlands.

The invention relates to a method for remedying degenerated soil resulting from water and soil loss, and the method is characterized by remedying the barren and compact soil by biological nitrogen fixation of rhizobia of purple alfalfa rhizosphere and microecological function of the rhizosphere of other beneficial microbes. The method comprises the following steps: dressing purple alfalfa seeds with acid-resistant alfalfa rhizobia 91522 and sowing the purple alfalfa seeds on the degenerated and untilled soil; only applying living bacteria or sterile bacteria suspension and water during a growing process of the purple alfalfa, wherein, the bacteria suspension comprises a bacillus megatherium suspension, an associative nitrogen-fixation bacteria suspension and a bacillus mucilaginosus suspension; harvesting the alfalfa plants after planting the purple alfalfa three months later, turning the alfalfa roots into in-situ soil, applying living cellulose-decomposing bacteria or sterile cellulose-decomposing bacteria suspension, and aging the in-situ soil for two months; tilling the soil to plant the alfalfa of the next season until the soil is remedied. The method can effectively improve microbial activities of the degenerated soil, increase all-purpose and effective nutrients in the degenerated soil and scarify the soil, and conserve water and soil and get a great quantity of fine pasture to develop the animal husbandry.

The invention discloses a method for returning crop stalks to the field by microbial fermentation. The method for returning crop stalks to the field comprises the following steps: crop stalks treatment, applying of farm manure, fermenting treatment and cropland application. According to the method for returning crop stalks to the field by microbial fermentation, penicillium oxalicum NJGZ-2 bacteria as microorganisms and a biogas digester are combined to ferment and degrade the crop stalks which are returned to the field directly, environmental pollution caused by crop stalk waste can be reduced, furthermore, the fermenting time can be shortened, fermenting temperature can be increased effectively, the purpose of thoroughly killing some pathogens such as insect ova and vectors is achieved, degraded soil can further be repaired, development of green agriculture is facilitated, and sustainable development of the agriculture is promoted.

The invention discloses a measure for promoting vegetation in cold regions to restore rapidly. The measure is characterized in that porous thermal insulation boards cover the surface of the destroyed or degraded soil layer in the frozen soil region; and baffles are arranged around the porous thermal insulation boards. By adopting the measure, the moisture of the lower soil mass can be effectivelyprevented from the capillary action and evaporation, the soil is ensured to maintain good moisture content in a longer time, sufficient effective accumulated temperature and moisture conditions are provided for germination and growth of the vegetation in spring and summer and smooth growth and restoration of the vegetation are ensured. Besides, along with formation of a restoring vegetation feltylayer, the lower permafrost environment can be ensured to keep relatively stable for a long term under the combined action of the restoring vegetation felty layer and the porous thermal insulation boards. Popularization and implementation of the measure have important ecological effects and social and economic benefits on harmony and unity of engineering construction and ecological environment construction, protection of biodiversity in the source regions of Yellow and Yangtze rivers, soil and water conservation, maintenance of ecological balance and the like.

The invention relates to a method for recovering ecosystem of degraded soil, in particular to a method for improving water retention and soil retention capacity of local soil via introducing Vetiveriazizanioides(Linn.)Nash, and appropriately improving the trophic structure, so as to recover the ecology. In the invention, Vetiveriazizanioides(Linn.)Nash plants are planted at the degraded soil area; the planting density is that the row spacing is 15-30 cm, the line spacing is 20-80 cm, and 5-10 lines form an area; the planting channels or slots are 20-25 cm in width and 20-30 cm in depth; 4-5 tillers are clumped to be planted. Due to the adoption of the Vetiveriazizanioides(Linn.)Nash introduced in the invention, the water retention and soil retention capacities of soils can be increased, so that the environment of the target area can ensure the survival of local high slicer layer species; high safety is provided; seeds or sterile seeds are not generated; and the plant body has not underground rhizome or overground creeping tissues, so that the plants do not spread into weeds.

The invention discloses a formula and a preparation method of tobacco seedling growing conditioner. The formula of the tobacco seedling growing conditioner comprises apatite, vermiculite, an organic fertilizer, an inorganic fertilizer, copper sulfate, calcium superphosphate and zinc oxide. The method for preparing the tobacco seedling growing conditioner comprises the following steps: weighing the weight of the apatite, vermiculite, the organic fertilizer, the inorganic fertilizer, copper sulfate, calcium superphosphate and zinc oxide according to the formula, and fully and uniformly mixing the components in a container; adding the obtained mixture into a stirrer, fully stirring and fusing the materials together, and forming the tobacco seedling growing conditioner; grinding the tobacco seedling growing conditioner in a grinding machine, and preparing particles of which the particle granularity is less than or equal to 20 meshes; respectively filling the tobacco seedling growing conditioner granules into packaging bags according to the standard weight of 10kg, and storing in a warehouse. The utilization rate and fertilizer efficiency of the conditioner are improved, the soil nutrient balance is promoted, the soil structure is improved, the degraded soil ecological system is restored, and the emergence rate and yield are improved.

The invention discloses an ecological restoration preparation for degraded soil obtained after cultivation of greenhouse vegetables, and a preparation method of the ecological restoration preparation. The ecological restoration preparation is prepared from bacillus subtilis, candida utilis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus casei, trichoderma viride and rhodopseudomonas palustris. The ecological restoration preparation starts from restoring the soil ecosystem, and increases the beneficial bacteria in the soil by using a microbial technology; furthermore, by adopting a multi-strain combination technical method, the ecological restoration preparation can promote the growth of plant roots while restoring the soil ecosystem; the ecological restoration preparation can loosen the soil and enable seedlings to be strong, and has a function of degrading the residual pollution of pesticides and chemical fertilizers.

The invention discloses a step-type improving method for severe soda saline-alkali soil, and belongs to the technical field of improvement and utilization of degraded soil. The method solves the problem of low desalinization rate of soil by directly planting rice in soda saline-alkali soil in the existing method. The improving method comprises the following steps: step one: a, selecting a strong saline-alkali resistant plant puccinellia tenuiflora; b, establishing a grid field; c, carrying out heavy harrowing and land preparation; d, carrying out seeding without covering soil, concretely sowing puccinellia tenuiflora seeds in the severe saline-alkali soil subjected to the heavy harrowing and land preparation in a sowing period; e, regulating and controlling moisture; and f, carrying out maintenance and management; and step two: g, carrying out shallow turning and harrowing and land preparation; h, uniformly applying a modifier to the paddy grid field; and i, carrying out regular rice planting and field management. According to the method, the improvement and utilization of the severe soda saline-alkali soil is divided into two stages, namely, in the first stage, the adaptability ofthe strong saline-alkali resistant plant to the severe saline-alkali is utilized, and in the second stage, the rice planting is carried out on the basis of reduced saline-alkali resistance of the soil in the first stage. The chemical improving input is reduced, and the gradual improvement and utilization of the heavy soda saline-alkali soil is realized.

The invention discloses strawberry fertilizer capable of activating fertility of soil. The fertilizer is prepared from raw materials in parts by weight as follows: 200-210 parts of a molasses alcohol waste liquid, 6-7 parts of oxygen-rich starch, 1-1.2 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 0.8-1 part of sorbitol, 10-12 parts of bran powder, 12-13 parts of humus, 20-21 parts of coco coir, 8-9 parts of seaweed meal, 8-9 parts of sawdust, 8-9 parts of turfy soil, 400-410 parts of 95% ethanol, 800-810 parts of a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration being 0.5 mol/L, a proper amount of a hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration being 1 mol/L, a proper amount of a 50% sulfuric acid solution, 2-3 parts of rare earth oxide, 5-6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.2-0.3 parts of carbon nanotubes, 0.2-0.3 parts of beta-cyclodextrine, 0.1-0.2 parts of tea polyphenols and 1-1.2 parts of microbial powder. The quality of strawberries can be improved through chelating of amino acid prepared from the molasses alcohol waste liquid and rare earth, the mechanical strength of a film can be improved through addition of the carbon nanotubes to a film coating liquid, the slow-release property of the film can be improved through added tea polyphenols, and besides, the fertilizer can regulate and control the physical structure of the soil and the fertility of the soil and is applicable to improvement of poor and degraded soil.

The invention discloses a coal ash soil improver and a preparation method thereof. The soil improver comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 to 50 parts of coal ash, 20 to 30 parts of ageratina adenophora, 10 to 18 parts of ammonium sulfate, 3 to 6 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 8 to 16 parts of vinasse, 8 to 15 parts of bentonite, 10 to 14 parts of urea formaldehyde, 4 to 8 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 12 to 18 parts of chicken manure, 6 to 10 parts of earthworm manure and 1 to 2 parts of a composite microbial agent. The improver prepared by the method has remarkableimprovement and repair effects on the degraded soil, can increase the organic matter content of the soil, increase the living bacteria count of the soil, improve the granular structure of the soil, improve the acidity and the alkalinity of the soil, improve the soil buffer capability and the water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining capability, maintain the ecological balance of the soil, fix radioactive elements in the soil, reduce migration of the radioactive elements, reduce the potential ecological risk and relieve pollution of the radioactive elements of the soil, and has a wide market application prospect.

The invention discloses a soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof. The soil conditioner is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 35-60 percent of remained activated sludge, 15-40 percent of fly larva speck, 10-30 percent of peat, 10-20 percent of pulverized fuel ash and 5-10 percent of calcareous substances. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing the components in weight percentage, uniformly mixing, and regulating the water content; covering the pile surface with a straw layer, fermenting at normal temperature, maintaining when the pile temperature rises in two days, turning the pile every two days, and supplying water; and drying and grinding the matured materials, and filling bags to obtain the soil conditioner. The soil conditioner can be used for effectively regulating the physical and chemical properties of soil, optimizing the microflora of soil, repairing degraded soil, promoting plant growth and recycling sludge, fly larva speck and other solid waste, and accords with the strategy of sustainable development.

The invention discloses a degraded soil ecological simulation land maintenance restoration method which comprises the following steps: mixing any one of crop straws, dry branches and fallen leaves, weeds, humus soil and plant ash with human and animal excrement and urine, and stacking to form a semi-decomposed or decomposed raw material; adding a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, a potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer, polyhalite and/or mineral powder into the semi-decomposed or decomposed raw materials, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture; stacking the mixture on the surface of the soil according to a ratio of 300-1000m <3>/mu, flattening, patting, compacting, covering with a film, and stacking; stacking the mixture for at least three months, removing the covering film to obtain a secondary fermentation fertilizer, and then removing at least 98% of the secondary fermentation fertilizer on the surface of the soil to complete remediation of the degraded soil. According to the method, a semi-decomposed or decomposed mixture covers the surface layer of the soil, a special isolation layer is formed by the mixture in a mode of forming humus soil in a simulated nature forest, and the purpose of restoring the soil fertility of the degraded soil is achieved through natural stacking and secondary fermentation treatment.

The invention discloses a soil improvement method for tillage-free three-dimensional material embedding. The method includes the following steps that under the condition that a soil tillage layer is not turned over, high-pressure airflow is injected to soil needing to be modified to perform spray explosion so that the soil can be deep loosened and a soil water partition layer can be broken; while the high-pressure airflow is injected, soil modifying materials can be conveyed into the soil within the spray explosion range; while the degraded soil problems about soil erosion, desertification, gleying and like are solved, deep placement is performed on the soil by injecting the high-pressure airflow for jetting and spray explosion under the condition the soil is not turned over, soil porosity is increased, the air injection amount is increased, the volume weight of degraded soil is lowered, the soil can be loose and breathable, rainwater penetration speed and rainwater penetration amount are enhanced, the water-holding capacity of the soil is improved, soil moisture preservation is facilitated, erosion is reduced, more rainwater can be absorbed, generation of a runoff can be delayed, the strength of the runoff is weakened, scouring of the surface runoff on the soil is relieved, and water and soil loss is reduced.