Laser cladding device and method based on ultrasonic-Lorentz force compound vibration

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser cladding device and method based on ultrasonic-Lorentz force composite vibration, which solves the problems of insufficient vibration capacity and many bubbles in the cladding layer in the prior art, and achieves effective cladding layer cracks , The effect of suppressing and reducing air bubbles, the scheme is as follows: the clamping chuck is used to support the cladding substrate; the first conductive head is set opposite to the clamping chuck, and is used to apply a current field to the cladding substrate from the end ; The second conductive head is set on the machine bed, and is used to apply a current field to the cladding substrate from below; the laser head is set on the top of the machine bed, and is used to cladding the cladding substrate from above; The coil includes two magnetically conductive cores, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the laser head, and each magnetically conductive core is wound with a helical coil; an angle adjustment mechanism for an ultrasonic generator; the ultrasonic generator is supported by an angle adjustment mechanism for an ultrasonic generator , which is used to apply an ultrasonic field to the cladding substrate at a set angle.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the improvement of cladding layer performance, in particular to a laser cladding device and method based on ultrasonic-Lorentz force composite vibration. Background technique [0002] Laser cladding is an advanced surface modification technology that uses a high-energy density laser beam to melt the cladding material and the surface of the substrate to form a cladding layer with metallurgical bonding characteristics. Irradiation causes the cladding material moving at a certain speed and the surface microlayer of the substrate to be rapidly heated and melted to form a rapid solidification process of an alloy layer with completely different composition and properties from the substrate, the purpose of which is to improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the substrate , heat resistance, fatigue resistance, oxidation resistance and electrical properties, so that the surface of engineering materials can obtain good co...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] However, due to the large difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the substrate and the cladding material, as the temperature of the solidification process decreases, the cladding layer shrinks, and the surrounding liquid cannot be effectively replenished, resulting in cracks in the cladding layer; at the same time, due to The solubility of solid and liquid relative to gas is different. During the process of rapid laser melting, the bubbles accumulated in the coating will be formed by the reaction, which will cause pore defects in the cladding layer and affect the quality of the coating.

[0004] In the prior art, for the cladding layer, an ultrasonic field and an electromagnetic field are applied simultaneously during the laser cladding process to adjust the structure of the molten pool. Although there is stirring assistance by the electromagnetic field, the ultrasonic wave is introduced into the molten pool through the substrate, and the single ultrasonic The vibration ability is still weak, and its effect on homogenizing the internal stress of the molten pool is limited

[0005] It is also possible to heat-treat the substrate before and after cladding to obtain a cladding layer with better performance, but this method has too many steps and is too cumbersome and complicated, and the substrate is heat-treated before and after cladding, which will lead to coarse grains of the cladding layer , affecting the performance of the cladding layer

[0006] In addition, ultrasonic vibration aging is directly introduced into the micro-area of ​​the molten pool to achieve the purpose of refining grains. Although a single ultrasonic vibration field can cause vibration and convection of the molten pool, the effect is still not good, and the reduction of cracks in the cladding layer cannot be reduced. achieve satisfactory results

[0007] To sum up, due to the different application sequences, types, and methods of the auxiliary fields in the prior art, and the limitation of the location of each structure, the effect of the electric field, magnetic field, or ultrasonic field on the cladding substrate cannot be fully utilized, thereby affecting to the performance of the cladding layer, resulting in unsatisfactory suppression of cracks and pores

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