A kind of negative electrode dendrite inhibitor of lithium metal battery and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a lithium metal negative electrode dendrite inhibitor and a use method thereof. Before the lithium metal battery is assembled, the lithium metal negative electrode is impregnated with the lithium metal negative electrode dendrite inhibitor for pretreatment, and the metal lithium negative electrode and the polyamine in the solution reaction to form a Li-N-CX composite layer; after assembling the battery, a higher content of Li can be formed when the negative electrode is charged for the first time 3 N, and has a good stability of the SEI protective film, thereby inhibiting the dendrite growth of the lithium negative electrode under high current, making the metal lithium negative electrode deposition more uniform. The lithium metal battery negative electrode dendrite inhibitor of the invention can inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites in the lithium metal battery negative electrode, and reduce the formation of "dead lithium". The number of charge and discharge cycles of the lithium metal electrode battery treated according to the invention has been significantly improved under the condition of high current charge and discharge.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of lithium metal batteries, in particular to a lithium metal negative electrode dendrite inhibitor and a method for using the same. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development and application of portable charging and discharging equipment, metallic lithium, as the lightest metal in nature, is widely used in various batteries, such as lithium-ion batteries, lithium metal batteries, lithium-air batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, etc. Due to its outstanding safety performance, lithium-ion batteries have been rapidly developed and recognized by the market in recent years. However, the energy density of lithium-ion batteries is lower than that of lithium metal batteries that directly use metal lithium as the negative electrode, and it is difficult to meet the growing market demands. Large capacity needs. The application of lithium metal batteries with higher capacity density, lithium air, and lithium oxygen...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] The main problem currently existing in lithium metal batteries is that during the charging process, when the metal lithium ion cathode receives electrons and is reduced to metal, due to the inhomogeneous flow of lithium ion concentration at the solid-liquid interface, the lithium ion concentration is higher in the place where the ion transmission is fast. The growth rate of metal lithium in the direction is faster, so it will form a dendritic "dendritic lithium"

When "dendritic lithium" grows to a certain extent, it will pierce the diaphragm, causing an internal short circuit in the battery, which seriously threatens the safety of users' lives and property.

In addition, lithium dendrites are easy to fall off into the electrolyte during charging and discharging, resulting in a rapid decline in the Coulombic efficiency of the battery after multiple cycles. These are the problems we need to deal with in the development and practical application of lithium metal batteries

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