Manufacturing method for nitriles and corresponding amines of nitriles

Abstract

The invention relates to a manufacturing method for nitriles and corresponding amines of the nitriles. Compared with the prior art, the manufacturing method for the nitriles provided by the inventionhas the characteristics of significantly reduced usage amount of an ammonia source, low environmental pressure, low energy consumption, low production cost, high purity and yield of a nitrile product,etc., and can obtain the nitriles with more complicated structure. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing the corresponding amines from the nitriles.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the Chinese application with the application number 201410522472.3 (application date is September 29, 2014) and the title of the invention is "Method for Manufacturing Nitrile and Its Corresponding Amine". technical field [0002] The invention relates to a process for the production of nitriles and a process for producing corresponding amines from the nitriles. Background technique [0003] Nitrile compounds are a class of organic compounds containing cyano group (-CN), and are important intermediates in organic synthesis. Due to the high reactivity of the cyano group, the corresponding amine compounds can be prepared through hydrogenation reaction, which is an important raw material for the manufacture of medicines, pesticides, dyes, spices, surfactants, etc., and is widely used in various fields of the national economy . For example, aliphatic monoamine, one of its derivatives, is the basic raw material for the produ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] So far, the preparation method adopted in the industry of aliphatic monohydric nitriles, especially higher aliphatic monohydric nitriles, is usually the carboxylic acid ammoniation method, and the widely used technique is to dissolve the carboxylic acid or its derivatives by heating in an open system, and then Continuously inject ammonia gas into the melt, so that the system reacts in the presence of catalysts such as zinc oxide or iron compounds. This process contains NH 3 Problems such as excessive dosage, serious material loss and low yield

[0006] For this reason, the inventor of the present invention finds by research, and prior art is when producing nitrile by carboxylic acid ammoniation method, in order to make ammoniation reaction fully carry out, require in the whole ammoniation process of carboxylic acid or in longer During the reaction time, ammonia gas is continuously fed into the reaction system as a raw material, so the amount of ammonia gas is huge, resulting in the actual amount of ammonia gas far exceeding the amount required for the ammoniation reaction, which may be tens of millions of times the amount required for the actual reaction. The utilization rate of ammonia gas is extremely low

In addition, due to the extremely low utilization rate of ammonia, the ammonification reaction produces a large amount of waste ammonia water but cannot be recycled. After discharge, it will cause huge pressure on the environment, which is inconsistent with the current green production concept.

Moreover, since the ammoniation reaction of this technology adopts an overall higher reaction temperature (such as exceeding 300°C) and an overall longer reaction time, the energy consumption is higher, resulting in higher production costs, and there are also reactions during the reaction process. Severe material loss (for example, the reaction material is entrained out of the reaction system due to continuous feeding of ammonia gas flow) and many side reactions, which make it difficult to effectively improve the quality and yield of nitrile products, etc.

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