Aluminum alloy laser welding method

Abstract

The invention relates to an aluminum alloy laser welding method. A laser spot performs swing movement in a welding seam width direction at a set frequency while a laser welding head runs in a length direction of a welding seam, and laser deep penetration welding is performed on an aluminum alloy base material, wherein a laser processing power at the middle position of the welding seam is larger than a laser processing power at the edge position of the welding seam. The aluminum alloy laser welding method adopts a laser deep penetration welding technology, has the advantages of large energy density, small welding heat input, high welding speed and the like and can well solve the problems and the defects existing in the aluminum alloy welding process in the prior art. For the aluminum alloylaser welding method, by being combined with the deflection movement of a laser beam, adopting different laser processing powers in a width direction of the welding seam and adopting a relatively large power at the middle position of the welding seam for processing, the energy is concentrated so as to ensure the weld penetration depth and the strength of the welding seam; and by adopting a relatively small power at the edge position of the welding seam for processing, obvious edge biting and ablation marks can be ensured not to occur on the edge of the welding seam, and good welding seam effect is achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy welding processing, in particular to the laser welding processing of an all-aluminum vehicle body, and specifically relates to an aluminum alloy laser welding method. Background technique [0002] Under the social background of reducing fuel consumption and increasing energy consumption ratio, all-aluminum body is being used by more and more automobile factories due to its advantages of light weight, high strength and good corrosion resistance. With the increasing demand of industrial enterprises for light metal materials, light metal welding technology is particularly important. However, due to the current alloy technology, aluminum is easy to oxidize after forming, and alumina has the characteristics of high melting point and high light reflectivity, resulting in higher process requirements for all-aluminum body fusion welding. [0003] The aluminum alloy body has the following difficult...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] (2) Pores are easily formed during the aluminum alloy welding process. This is because the hydrogen in the molten pool cannot be discharged before the welding surface is formed, resulting in the formation of small pores;

[0006] (3) The expansion coefficient of aluminum alloy is large, and it is easy to deform under the action of high temperature. Under the action of deformation and expansion, thermal cracks are prone to occur on the welding surface during forming, which directly affects the strength of the plate itself;

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