A cold start control method, device and system for a fuel cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell cold start control method, device and system. A gas mixer of the system performs mixing on a path of air input through an air three-way valve and a path of hydrogeninput by a hydrogen storage tank to obtain a mixed gas containing hydrogen and oxygen; and the mixed gas is input to an anode catalytic layer of the fuel cell, wherein a part of hydrogen is subjectedto a catalytic reaction with oxygen to generate additional heat, and the heat is supplied to the fuel cell in a low-temperature state, so that cold start is assisted, a higher heating rate is obtained, the starting time and the energy consumption are shortened and reduced, and the loss of an electrode material is reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and more specifically, to a method, device and system for controlling cold start of fuel cells. Background technique [0002] There are various types of fuel cells as a power source for electric vehicles. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells have the advantages of low noise, high energy conversion efficiency, and no environmental pollution. They are one of the ideal power sources for electric vehicles. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell is a device that generates electricity by electrochemically reacting fuels that generate hydrogen ions with oxidizing gases such as oxygen or air. The performance of starting a proton exchange membrane fuel cell from a low temperature environment below 0°C (cold start) is one of the main challenges that must be faced in its application in automobiles. [0003] Existing cold-start schemes for proton exchange membrane fuel cells usually involve the con...

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Problems solved by technology

The first solution is to use the current to generate heat and heat the battery by making the proton exchange membrane fuel cell work at a high current and low voltage load during the cold start stage without the aid of auxiliary equipment. The disadvantage of this solution is that the heating efficiency is low , and working at low temperature and high current will cause additional loss of electrode materials; the second solution is to add an electric heating device to the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and use another power source, such as a vehicle-mounted power battery, to exchange protons before cold start Membrane fuel cells are heated by electricity. The disadvantage of this method is that the extra energy consumption is large, and it is heated from the outside, which takes a long time.

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