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Carbon material prepared from water-absorbent resin and application thereof in cathode of lithium-sulfur battery

A technology of water-absorbing resin and porous carbon material, which is applied in lithium batteries, battery electrodes, non-aqueous electrolyte batteries, etc., can solve the problems of poor electronic conductivity and ionic conductivity, unfavorable high rate performance of batteries, complicated preparation process, etc. The effect of low cost, low cost and simple preparation

Active Publication Date: 2019-11-29
GUANGDONG UNIV OF TECH +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] The positive active material of lithium-sulfur batteries is sulfur, and the electronic conductivity and ionic conductivity of elemental sulfur are poor, and the conductivity of sulfur materials at room temperature is extremely low (5.0×10 -30 S cm -1 ), the final products of the reaction, lithium polysulfide and lithium sulfide, are also electronic insulators, which are not conducive to the high-rate performance of the battery. They need to be composited with porous carbon materials, which have high requirements for the pore structure of carbon materials. At present, most of them are prepared by pore-forming Porous carbon materials have high raw material prices and complicated preparation processes, while water-absorbing resins can form porous carbon materials in a certain way, and water-absorbing resins are cheap, which can produce greater economic and social benefits, which is of great significance

Method used

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  • Carbon material prepared from water-absorbent resin and application thereof in cathode of lithium-sulfur battery

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0023] Add 1g of sodium polyacrylate to 50ml of sodium chloride solution with a concentration of 0.1mol / L, freeze-dry to constant weight, in high purity N 2 Carbonize in a tube furnace under an atmosphere, heat up to 800°C at a rate of 10°C / min for carbonization treatment for 120 minutes, cool down naturally, wash to remove sodium ions, dry to constant weight, and grind to obtain porous carbon materials with particle size Distributed in 10 ~ 80μm.

[0024] The obtained porous carbon material is used as the sulfur-carrying carbon material of the positive electrode of the lithium-sulfur battery to make a button battery. After electrochemical performance test, when the current density is 0.1C, the first discharge specific capacity is 940.2mAh / g, after 100 cycles the discharge specific capacity is 846.3mAh / g, the capacity retention rate is 90.0%, and the cycle performance is better. figure 1 This is the SEM picture of the carbon material obtained in this example. From figure 1 It c...

Embodiment 2

[0026] Add 1g of sodium polyacrylate to 200ml of deionized water, freeze-dry to constant weight, in high purity N 2 Carbonized in a tube furnace under an atmosphere, heated at a rate of 10°C / min to 500°C for carbonization treatment for 90 minutes, cooled naturally, washed to remove sodium ions, dried to constant weight, and ground to obtain porous carbon materials with particle size distribution In 20 ~ 120μm.

[0027] The obtained porous carbon material is used as the sulfur-carrying carbon material of the positive electrode of the lithium-sulfur battery to make a button battery. After electrochemical performance test, when the current density is 0.1C, the first discharge specific capacity is 822.1mAh / g, after 100 cycles the discharge specific capacity is 714.2mAh / g, the capacity retention rate is 86.9%, and the cycle performance is better.

Embodiment 3

[0029] Add 1g of water-absorbent polyvinyl alcohol to 100ml of 0.2mol / L magnesium chloride solution, freeze-dry to constant weight, carbonize in a tube furnace under high-purity argon atmosphere, and heat up at a rate of 5°C / min Carry out carbonization treatment at 1000°C for 120 minutes, then cool naturally, wash to remove sodium ions, dry to constant weight, and grind to prepare porous carbon material with a particle size distribution of 10-80 μm.

[0030] The obtained porous carbon material is used as the sulfur-carrying carbon material of the positive electrode of the lithium-sulfur battery to make a button battery. After electrochemical performance test, when the current density is 0.1C, the first discharge specific capacity is 927.1mAh / g, after 100 cycles the discharge specific capacity is 813.9mAh / g, the capacity retention rate is 87.8%, and the cycle performance is better.

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of new energy, and discloses porous carbon prepared from water-absorbent resin and application thereof in a cathode of a lithium-sulfur battery. The porous carbon material is prepared by the following steps of: adding the water-absorbent resin into a salt solution, and performing freeze-drying to constant weight to obtain a substance A; and carbonizing the substance A at a temperature of 500-1200 DEG C in a protective atmosphere, performing washing to remove salt ions in the substance A after carbonization, performing drying to constant weight, and performinggrinding to complete the steps. The porous carbon material prepared from the water-absorbent resin is simple in process, low in cost, capable of being applied to the cathode of the lithium-sulfur battery, good in performance and high in additional value.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of new energy sources, and more specifically, relates to a carbon material prepared from a water-absorbing resin and its application in a lithium-sulfur battery cathode. Background technique [0002] In recent years, new energy vehicles have achieved rapid development. The core of new energy vehicles is batteries that provide power. At present, new energy vehicles generally use lithium-ion batteries, but the current lithium-ion battery cathode materials have low energy density, which leads to the endurance of new energy vehicles The lack of mileage limits its development. Lithium-sulfur batteries have received widespread attention due to their greater energy density. [0003] The positive electrode active material for lithium-sulfur batteries is sulfur. Elemental sulfur has poor electronic and ionic conductivity. The conductivity of sulfur materials at room temperature is extremely low (5.0×10 -30 S·cm -1 ), the final produ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/62H01M4/583H01M10/052C01B32/05C01B32/318
CPCH01M4/625H01M4/583H01M10/052C01B32/05C01B32/318Y02E60/10
Inventor 闵永刚张诗洋刘屹东廖松义刘荣涛万涛
Owner GUANGDONG UNIV OF TECH