Device for removing fluorides and recovering carbon from waste cathode carbon block of aluminum electrolysis cell and method of device for removing fluorides and recovering carbon from waste cathode carbon block of aluminum electrolysis cell

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for removing fluorides and recovering carbon from a waste cathode carbon block of an aluminum electrolysis cell and a method of the device for removing the fluoridesand recovering the carbon from the waste cathode carbon block of the aluminum electrolysis cell, and belongs to the technical field of treatment and utilization of hazardous substances generated in aluminum electrolysis processes. The device comprises a gas condenser on the upper portion, a washing chamber which is detachably connected with the gas condenser and located on the middle portion, an evaporation chamber which is located on the lower portion and communicates with the washing chamber, and a heat exchange chamber which provides water vapor and heat for the evaporation chamber, whereina hanging basket is placed in the washing chamber. According to the device for removing the fluorides and recovering the carbon from the waste cathode carbon block of the aluminum electrolysis cell and the method of the device for removing the fluorides and recovering the carbon from the waste cathode carbon block of the aluminum electrolysis cell, a heat medium provided by an aluminum electrolysis smoke waste head system is used for heating water, vaporized vapor further goes up to the gas condenser on the upper portion through a granular waste cathode carbon layer, is condensed into water,and falls onto the waste cathode carbon layer. Fluoride salts in the waste cathode carbon layer are eluted with an aqueous solution, and fall onto the evaporation chamber on the lower portion. According to the device for removing the fluorides and recovering the carbon from the waste cathode carbon block of the aluminum electrolysis cell and the method of the device for removing the fluorides andrecovering the carbon from the waste cathode carbon block of the aluminum electrolysis cell, the recovery rate of the fluoride salts which are eluted and recovered from the waste cathode carbon blockis higher than 89.40%, the removal rate of cyanogen reaches 98.85% or above, and after elution is conducted, the carbon content in the cathode carbon block is higher than 95%.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a device and method for defluorinating and recovering carbon from waste cathode carbon blocks of an aluminum electrolysis cell, and belongs to the technical field of disposal and utilization of hazardous substances produced in the aluminum electrolysis process. Background technique [0002] China's aluminum industry has occupied a pivotal position in the world, attracting the attention and attention of the whole world. Although metal aluminum has many superior properties and uses, in addition to emitting a large amount of greenhouse gases during its production, it also emits solid waste that is harmful to the environment—waste tank lining. Aluminum electrolytic waste lining includes carbon materials and refractory materials. Carbon materials are mainly edge carbon blocks and cathode carbon blocks. The potential value of a tonne of pot carbon lining is calculated based on market research prices and the spent cathode composition...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0008] Aiming at the common problem that waste cathode carbon cannot be effectively and harmlessly utilized in the production process of aluminum electrolysis, the present invention provides a Device and method for defluorination and carbon recovery

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