Fluidized bed heavy oil cracking and gasification graded conversion device and fluidized bed heavy oil cracking and gasification graded conversion method

Abstract

The invention discloses a fluidized bed heavy oil cracking and gasification graded conversion device and a fluidized bed heavy oil cracking and gasification graded conversion method. The device comprises a feeding unit, a carrier gas unit, a cracking-gasification unit, a cooling recovery unit, a gas-liquid separation unit and a light oil recovery unit, wherein the feeding unit comprises a heavy oil system, a steam system and a solid particle system and is used for realizing efficient atomization of heavy oil and steam and continuous and stable feeding of oil gas, the carrier gas unit comprisesa fluidized gas system and a gasifying agent system and is used for preheating fluidized gas and continuously feeding a gasifying agent, the cracking-gasification unit comprises a coupling reaction system, a solid circulating return system and a dust removal system and is used for completing heavy oil cracking, solid trapping and circulating return, the cooling recovery unit comprises an online sampling system, a washing system and a rectification system and is used for realizing the collection of cracked oil products and the recycling of light oil and heavy oil, and the gas-liquid separationand light oil recovery unit comprises a two-stage condensation gas-liquid separation system, an adsorption tank and a filter and is used for completing the efficient separation of gas and liquid phases and recovery of light tail oil.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a heavy oil cracking and gasification device, in particular to a fluidized bed heavy oil cracking and gasification hierarchical conversion device and method. Background technique [0002] The contradiction between the deepening of heavy and poor quality of petroleum resources, the rapid growth of demand for light oil products, and the increasingly stringent environmental protection has accelerated the development of new technologies for heavy oil processing. Inferior heavy oil has the characteristics of high polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content, high C / H ratio, high viscosity and density, high content of heteroatoms and heavy metals, and easy condensation to generate coke. Traditional heavy oil upgrading technology is difficult to meet the processing requirements of high efficiency and cleanliness. [0003] Traditional heavy oil upgrading technologies are divided into two routes: hydrogenation and decarburization. Most of t...

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Problems solved by technology

Flexible coking is a foreign patented technology, which has problems such as complex process, high investment, low calorific value of gas and difficult engineering design, and the promotion rate is low

[0005] Based on this, the domestic coking process directly converts heavy oil into small molecules such as syngas through a single gasification process, which does not make full use of the oil and gas molecules and hydrogen elements present in heavy oil, resulting in waste of heavy oil resources

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