[0045] Example 1
[0046] Such as figure 1 , 6 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated manufacturing method of metal and plastic, including:
[0047] S101. Processing of metal blanks: anodic oxidation of the metal blanks to form an oxide pore film, and then converge or branch the pores of the oxide pore film to perform Y treatment;
[0048] S102. Modification treatment of the plastic material: using a modifier to increase the thermal deformation temperature of the plastic material, reduce the thermal expansion coefficient, and improve the oleophobicity of the surface of the plastic material, so as to reduce the contamination between the plastic material and the organic pigment;
[0049] S103. Metal and plastic integrated injection molding: placing the metal blank after Y treatment in an injection mold, and using an injection molding machine to inject the modified plastic material into the injection mold for injection molding.
[0050] Such as figure 2 As shown, the processing steps of the metal blanks specifically include:
[0051] S201. Alkali treatment: grinding and polishing the machined metal blanks, putting the polished metal blanks in lye for cleaning and degreasing, and removing the natural oxide layer and grease on the surface of the metal blanks; specifically, lye NaOH The concentration is 38~55g/l, the treatment temperature is 50~70℃, and the treatment time is 0.5~3min.
[0052] S202. Acid treatment: neutralize the remaining lye on the surface of the metal blank with acid after alkali treatment, and then rinse the surface of the metal blank with water after the neutralization; specifically, the acid solution H2SO4 concentration 160~180g/l, processing temperature: normal temperature, neutralization time 1~5 minutes.
[0053] S203. Anodizing: Put the cleaned metal blanks into an acid electrolyte for anodizing for 10-15 minutes, and a layer of honey nest-like porous structure oxide film is formed on the surface of the metal blanks.
[0054] Specifically, the bonding force between the oxide film and the metal matrix is very strong, and it is difficult to separate mechanically. Adjusting the composition of the electrolyte can control the pore size of the oxide film. Generally, the pore size of the sulfuric acid film, oxalic acid film, and chromic acid film increase in sequence; the thickness of the oxide film depends on the electrolytic oxidation time, current density and electrolyte temperature; chromic acid oxide film and organic The bonding strength of the paint is firm; therefore, chromic acid anodizing is used. The chromic acid concentration of the acid electrolyte is 30-60g/l, and the treatment temperature is 35-37°C.
[0055] S204, Y treatment: the anodizing voltage U 1 = 13 volts rise to voltage U 2 = 24 volts, and then oxidize for 10-15 minutes after the voltage surge; or oxidize the voltage U 1 = 24 volts dip to voltage U 2 = 13 volts, and then oxidize for 10 to 15 minutes after a sudden drop in voltage. specific Figure 4 , 5 A schematic diagram of the convergence or branching of the oxide film pores. The formation of Y-shaped pores or inverted Y-shaped pores can anchor the plastic locks injected into the pores, so that the plastic and the oxide film can be firmly combined. The Y treatment improves the mechanical anchoring force between the oxide film and the plastic, and the bonding force between the oxide film and the metal is very strong, and it is difficult to separate mechanically, so the metal + oxide film + plastic are firmly combined into one .
[0056] Optionally, after the step of processing the metal blank, it further includes:
[0057] The Y treated metal blanks are rinsed with water to clean the electrolyte remaining in the oxidation pores and dried. Among them, the PH value of water is 7-8, the time is 1 to 2 minutes, and the temperature condition is normal temperature.
[0058] Specifically, the steps of modification treatment of the plastic material specifically include:
[0059] Preparation formula components: filler 10%-30%; release agent 3%-15%; compatibilizer 0.1%-1%; the rest are plastic materials;
[0060] Modification process of plastic materials: Add fillers, release agents, and compatibilizers with high thermal deformation temperature and low thermal expansion coefficient to the plastic materials, then mix them at high speed, and then use twin-screw extrusion to pelletize.
[0061] Specifically, the plastic material is selected to be acid and alkali resistant, and the surface is inert. The plastic material is one of polyethylene PE, polypropylene PP, polyoxymethylene POM, polyamide PA, polyphenylene sulfide PPS, polyphthalamide PPA, polybutylene terephthalate PBT and other plastic materials. Kind.
[0062] The filler with high thermal deformation temperature and low thermal expansion coefficient refers to glass fiber, and the addition amount is 10%-30% (relative plastic mass fraction). Its role is to increase the thermal deformation temperature of plastic materials and reduce the thermal expansion coefficient of plastic materials. During the surface treatment of metal and plastic composites, the changes of metal and plastic are kept as consistent as possible due to heat, so as to avoid defects such as opening of the metal and plastic composites. .
[0063] Release agents refer to compounds containing fluorine and silicon. Specifically, it refers to one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene powder, silicone powder, silicone rubber powder, and silicone resin powder, and the addition amount is 3% to 15% (relative plastic mass fraction). Its effect is to improve the oleophobicity of the plastic material surface and reduce the contamination between the plastic material and organic pigments.
[0064] Compatibilizer refers to one of the silane coupling agents, and the addition amount is 0.1% to 1% (relative to the mass fraction of plastic). Its function improves the compatibility and dispersion of fillers and release agents in plastic materials.
[0065] Such as image 3 As shown, the step of integral injection molding of metal and plastic specifically includes:
[0066] S301. Preheat the metal blanks treated by Y from 80°C to 100°C, and place the preheated metal blanks in the injection mold;
[0067] S302: According to the modified plastic material, set injection molding process parameters on the injection molding machine and perform injection molding;
[0068] S303. Take out the molded semi-finished product from the injection mold and remove the remaining material.
[0069] Since the metal blank must be injection molded before the surface treatment, in order to reduce the impact of heat, dyeing and other physical and chemical changes on the plastic during the surface treatment process, and to prevent opening, acid and alkali corrosion, and contamination, a variety of functional materials must be added to the plastic. Modified granulation, increase the thermal deformation temperature of the plastic, reduce the thermal expansion coefficient, improve the surface oleophobicity of the plastic material, and reduce the contamination of the plastic by organic pigments. As long as the plastic materials resistant to acid and alkali corrosion, such as PP, PE, etc., can be used The integration of metal and plastic injection molding has broadened the scope of plastic materials. What is more meaningful is that the colors of metal and plastic materials are different, and they are not contaminated with each other, so that the integration of metal and plastic injection molding has rich colors and a wide range of applications. Combine the modified plastic material and the Y-processed metal blank by injection molding. Since general modified plastics can be used, the injection molding conditions are not demanding. Only the Y-processed metal blank can be preheated at 80 degrees to 100 degrees. . Preheating can improve the molecular bonding force between the Y-treated metal blank and the plastic material. Warm-up time is more than 30 minutes.
[0070] Optionally, after the step of integral injection molding of metal and plastic, the method includes:
[0071] The pretreatment of the surface treatment of the molded metal blank and the plastic injection molding combination is performed, and the pretreatment is one or more of degreasing, deoxidation, and neutralization.
[0072] Degreasing refers to the removal of oil and impurities on the surface of the metal blank and plastic injection molding combination. First, use a degreasing solution containing surfactants for pre-degreasing, and then wash with water. The surface treatment adopts anodic oxidation and only needs one kind of pretreatment for degreasing.
[0073] Deoxidation layer refers to the removal of the surface oxide film layer of the exposed metal part of the metal blank and plastic injection molding. The oxide film layer is non-conductive, and the removal of the oxide film layer ensures the conductivity of the exposed metal part. The deoxidized layer is removed by alkaline etching, the concentration of lye NaOH is 38~55g/l, the treatment temperature is 50~70℃, and the treatment time is 0.5~3min.
[0074] Neutralization refers to the use of acid to neutralize the residual lye on the surface of the metal blank and the plastic injection molding combination, and then rinse the neutralizing acid on the surface of the metal blank and the plastic injection molding combination with water to prevent further corrosion of the exposed metal parts. The acid H2SO4 concentration is 160~180g/l, the treatment temperature is normal temperature, and the neutralization time is 1~5 minutes.
[0075] Surface treatment adopts electrophoresis, and electroplating must adopt three pre-treatments: degreasing, deoxidation, and neutralization.
[0076] Optionally, after the step of pre-processing the molded metal blank and plastic injection molding combination, the method further includes:
[0077] Surface treatment is performed on the molded metal blank and plastic injection molding combination, and the surface treatment is one of anodizing, electrophoresis, and electroplating.
[0078] The metal blank and the plastic injection molding combination are subjected to metal surface treatment, and the surface indentation and damage of the metal blank is covered by the metal surface treatment layer to ensure the perfect appearance. The metal part is covered with a colored protective layer through surface treatment. The injection material is modified so that the plastic part will not be contaminated with the color of the metal part surface treatment. The color of metal and plastic is different, and the color is rich and changeable. The scope of application wide.
[0079] Anodizing: The combination of metal blank and plastic injection molding can be oxidized after degreasing. The combination of metal blank and plastic injection molding includes three parts: metal, oxidized porous film, and plastic. After the injection molding, cleaning and degreasing process, the metal surface of the exposed metal part and the oxide pore film are inevitably damaged, leaving marks, and the integrity of the oxide pore film is damaged. Put the cleaned and degreased metal blank and the plastic injection molding combination into an acidic electrolyte for anodic oxidation for 3 to 5 minutes. The chromic acid concentration of the acidic electrolyte is 30-60g/l, the treatment temperature is 35-37℃, and the oxidation voltage is 13 Volt. Anodizing repairs the damage of the oxide pore film, and then performs the dyeing, sealing, and drying processes in the anodizing surface treatment process. Since the metal part only needs to repair the oxide pore film, the oxidation time of the anodized surface treatment is saved, and the cost is reduced accordingly. The anodic oxidation surface treatment covers the impression of the metal blank and the plastic injection molding combination, ensuring the perfect integration of metal and plastic. The plastic part has undergone material modification to increase the thermal deformation temperature of the plastic and reduce the coefficient of thermal expansion. During the anodizing surface treatment process of the metal and plastic combination, the changes of the metal and the plastic are kept as consistent as possible due to the effect of heat. Defects such as opening of the plastic combination. Plastic modification improves the surface oleophobicity of plastic materials, reduces the contamination of plastics by organic dyes in the dyeing process, ensures that the colors of metal and plastic are different, and the colors are rich and varied, and increase the added value of the integration of metal and plastic.
[0080] Electrophoresis: Electrophoresis coating is to put the workpiece and the corresponding electrode into the water-soluble paint. After the power is connected, relying on the physical and chemical effects of the electric field, the resin, pigment and filler in the paint are used as the electrode. A coating method in which water-insoluble paint film is formed by uniform precipitation and deposition on the surface. Electrophoresis can be implemented by three pre-treatments of metal blank and plastic injection molding combination: degreasing, deoxidation, and neutralization. After the three pre-treatments, the metal blank and plastic injection molding combination only contains two parts: metal and plastic. The metal part is conductive and the plastic part is not conductive, so that the resin, pigments and fillers in the coating will only be coated on the surface of the metal part. In addition, plastic modification improves the surface oleophobicity of the plastic material, reduces the contamination of the plastic by organic pigments, and ensures that the metal and Plastics have different colors, and the colors are rich and changeable, which increases the added value of the integration of metal and plastic. At the same time, the electrophoretic coating layer covers the impression of the metal blank and the plastic injection molding combination, ensuring the perfect integration of metal and plastic.
[0081] Electroplating: refers to the method of electrolytic reaction in the solution with the help of external direct current to deposit a metal or alloy layer on the surface of the conductor. Electrophoresis can be implemented by three pre-treatments of metal blank and plastic injection molding combination: degreasing, deoxidation, and neutralization. After the three pre-treatments, the metal blank and plastic injection molding combination only contains two parts: metal and plastic. The metal part is conductive and the plastic part is not. Through electroplating, only a metal or alloy layer is deposited on the surface of the metal part. The plastic part will not be affected by the coating. It is guaranteed that the color of metal and plastic are different, and the color is rich and changeable. The added value of integration with plastics. At the same time, the electroplating layer covers the impression of the metal blank and the plastic injection molding combination, ensuring the perfect integration of metal and plastic.
[0082] In the integrated manufacturing method of metal and plastic of the present invention, the metal blank is first anodized to form an oxidized pore film, and then the pores of the oxidized pore film are converged or branched for Y treatment, and the plastic material is modified at the same time. Surface treatment of the metal and plastic combined body, to achieve a solid integration of metal and plastic injection molding, a seamless and beautiful appearance, rich and changeable colors, multiple choices of plastic materials, environmental protection and low cost, and a wide range of applications. The metal blank Y treatment of the present invention makes the pores of the oxidized pore film converge into Y-shaped pores, and anchors the plastic locks injected into the Y-shaped pores; or branch the pores of the oxidized pore film into inverted Y-shaped pores, and the injection The plastic lock anchors in the Y-shaped pores improve the joint strength of the integration of metal and plastic injection molding; plastic modification treatment increases the thermal deformation temperature of the plastic material, reduces the thermal expansion coefficient, improves the surface oil repellency of the plastic material, and reduces the Contamination of organic dyes. Expand the selection of plastic materials, and general-purpose plastic PP and PE can also be used. Surface treatment after injection molding can cover the surface indentation and damage generated after injection molding of the metal blank, improve the appearance perfection of the integration of metal and plastic injection molding, reduce product defect rates, and correspondingly reduce production costs. Through plastic modification, the color of the plastic is not contaminated by the color of the metal surface treatment, ensuring that the color of metal and plastic is different, the color is rich and varied, and the application scope of the integration of metal and plastic injection molding is broadened.
