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Method and device for milling and grinding large-caliber aspheric surface through splicing method and polishing method

An aspheric, large-diameter technology, used in grinding/polishing equipment, automatic grinding control devices, and parts of grinding machine tools, etc., can solve the problems of tool wear, total tool path length, low processing efficiency, etc., and meet the requirements. reduced effect

Pending Publication Date: 2020-05-22
SUZHOU UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, when modifying the aspheric surface in finishing, too large tool path pitch will lead to obvious insufficient removal and poor surface roughness
In order to improve the surface quality, the pitch of the tool path is usually less than 0.2mm. For large-diameter aspheric surfaces, the total length of the tool path will be very large, and the processing time will be longer; especially when processing meter-level aspheric surfaces, affected by tool wear, a It is difficult for the tool to complete the entire tool trajectory, so the tool has to be changed. After the tool is changed, there will usually be tool contact marks on the aspheric surface, and because the parameters of different tools are different, the source of the aspheric surface shape error will inevitably be complicated. It brings great difficulty to the post-compensation processing and seriously affects the processing accuracy
Therefore, the processing of large-diameter aspheric mirrors, especially meter-level aspheric mirrors, in the prior art still has the problems of severe tool wear caused by too long tool trajectory, low processing efficiency, and difficulty in compensating for the low aspheric precision caused by processing.
The traditional Fancheng method requires that the diameter of the ring tool is larger than the semi-diameter of the workpiece to be processed, but with the increase of the tool diameter, the dynamic balance performance of the tool drops sharply during processing, which seriously affects the surface quality of the processed glass

Method used

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  • Method and device for milling and grinding large-caliber aspheric surface through splicing method and polishing method
  • Method and device for milling and grinding large-caliber aspheric surface through splicing method and polishing method
  • Method and device for milling and grinding large-caliber aspheric surface through splicing method and polishing method

Examples

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Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0051] A splicing method for milling large-diameter aspheric surfaces, the equation of the generatrix equation f1 of the aspheric surfaces is: z 2 =2*R 0 *x-(1+k)*x 2 , where R 0 is the radius of curvature of the apex of the aspheric surface, k is the quadratic conic coefficient, x is the independent variable on the abscissa, and z is the corresponding ordinate at the x coordinate; the positioning accuracy of the CNC machine tool used for milling is β, and the processing of the aspheric surface The steps are as follows:

[0052] 1) According to the radius of curvature R of the apex of the aspheric surface 0 , center thickness H 0 , caliber D is processed on the aspheric lens body material with a radius of R 0 , center thickness H 1 , the starting spherical surface of caliber D; here 0≤H 1 -H 0 ≤0.5;

[0053] 2) Fix the aspheric mirror body in step 1) on the CNC machine tool turntable, and the optical axis of the aspheric mirror body coincides with the rotating shaft o...

Embodiment 2

[0089] Taking a specific aspheric surface as an example, the method in Embodiment 1 is further described. k=-0.8, R 0 =2500, D=1000, machine tool positioning accuracy β=0.001. The ring tool is made of electroplated diamond grinding wheel, the outer diameter of the ring tool is TD=50, and the radius of the round chamfer between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the ring tool is r 0 = 1;

[0090] A splicing method for milling and grinding large-diameter aspheric surfaces, according to the radius of curvature R of the apex of the aspheric surface 0 =2500, center thickness H 0 = 200, caliber D = 1000, it is necessary to process a radius of 2500 and center thickness H on the aspheric lens body material 1 =200.2, caliber 1000 initial spherical surface; the cutting tool with outer diameter TD=50 can only mill the initial spherical surface with an exit diameter of 100 directly using Fan Cheng method;

[0091] Since the selected circular tool diameter TD=50 is smaller t...

Embodiment 3

[0111] A device for milling and grinding large-diameter aspheric surfaces based on the splicing method based on the first embodiment, the equation of the generatrix equation f1 of the aspheric surface is: z 2 =2*R 0 *x-(1+k)*x 2 , where R 0 is the radius of curvature of the apex of the aspheric surface, k is the quadratic conic coefficient, x is the independent variable on the abscissa, z is the ordinate corresponding to the x coordinate, and the caliber is D; the positioning accuracy of the CNC machine tool used for milling and grinding is β, where It is characterized in that: the numerically controlled machine tool has at least two translational motion axes, X axis and Z axis, and two rotation axes, B axis and C axis, wherein the B axis is the rotation axis around the Y axis, and the C axis is the rotation axis around the Y axis. The axis of rotation of the Z axis, and the axis of rotation of the CNC machine tool turntable is located at the C axis; the spindle of the CNC m...

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of optical machining, and discloses a method and a device for milling and grinding a large-caliber aspheric surface through a splicing method and a polishing method.The method and device and the polishing method aim to solve the problems of long machining time of a meter-scale large-caliber aspheric surface and serious cutter wear. The method is characterized inthat an aspheric surface is discretized into a series of annular belts with different radii, an annular grinding wheel cutter with the outer diameter smaller than quarter of the aperture of the aspheric surface is used for sequentially generating each annular belt, wherein the N annular belts are arranged at equal intervals, and the width of any annular belt is jointly determined by generatrix equations of the Nth annular belt, the (N-1)th annular belt, the positioning precision and the aspheric surface; and an aspheric surface is enveloped by the plurality of annular belts. The contact areasbetween the cutter and the surfaces of workpieces are the annular belts, so that the service life of the annular cutter is far longer than the service life of a cutter in a traditional machining modewhen the large-caliber aspheric surface is machined; the distance between the annular belts is far larger than the traditional machining screw pitch, so that the machining efficiency is obviously improved; and the small-caliber annular cutter solves the problem of poor dynamic balance performance, and the scheme can be popularized to off-axis aspheric surface machining and has very high practicability.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of optical processing and relates to a numerical control processing method for large-diameter aspheric optical elements. Background technique [0002] Aspheric optics can correct a variety of aberrations in the optical system, improve imaging quality, and improve system identification capabilities. Aspheric mirror is a very important optical element in the optical system. It can replace multiple spherical elements with one or several aspheric elements, thereby simplifying the structure of the instrument, simplifying the structure of the system, shortening the tube length, and effectively reducing the weight of the instrument. The design of the spherical optical system can greatly simplify the calculation method. [0003] In recent years, the processing technology of aspheric optical components has developed significantly. The processing methods mainly include: CNC grinding and polishing technology, single-point diamo...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): B24B13/00B24B57/02B24B13/01
CPCB24B13/00B24B57/02B24B13/01B24B13/06B24B51/00B23C3/023
Inventor 陈曦戴卓成郭培基朱永翔李晨超
Owner SUZHOU UNIV