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Method for preparing isooctyl nitrate by catalyzing nitration of isooctyl alcohol

A technology of isooctyl nitrate and isooctyl alcohol, which is applied in the field of catalytic nitration to prepare isooctyl nitrate, can solve the problems of large consumption of sulfuric acid and difficult treatment, and achieve the effects of less waste, environmental friendliness and simple process

Active Publication Date: 2022-08-05
ZHENGZHOU UNIV
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Although the continuous method solves the safety problem, the use of sulfuric acid is still unavoidable
[0004] In a word, the mixed acid nitration method is still the current production method commonly used for isooctyl nitrate, but due to the large consumption of sulfuric acid, it is accompanied by a large amount of waste acid, which is difficult to handle and needs to be improved

Method used

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  • Method for preparing isooctyl nitrate by catalyzing nitration of isooctyl alcohol
  • Method for preparing isooctyl nitrate by catalyzing nitration of isooctyl alcohol
  • Method for preparing isooctyl nitrate by catalyzing nitration of isooctyl alcohol

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0023] In a 250 mL reaction flask, put 20 mL (0.128 mol) isooctanol, 10.6 mL (0.154 mol) nitric acid (65%), 644 mg (1 mol%) iron triflate, 92 mg (1 mol%) ) urea and 80 mL of dichloromethane; heated up to 40°C with stirring, stopped the reaction after 18 hours, cooled to room temperature, washed the organic layer with 3 × 15 mL of water, evaporated to remove dichloromethane, and distilled the remaining liquid under reduced pressure to get no Color liquid 21.06 g, the product is determined by methods such as NMR (see accompanying drawing), MS that the structure is isooctyl nitrate, the yield is 94%, and the gas chromatograph analysis product purity is 99%.

Embodiment 2

[0025] In a 250 mL reaction flask, put 20 mL (0.128 mol) isooctanol, 8.9 mL (0.128 mol) nitric acid (65%), 393 mg erbium triflate, 231 mg copper triflate, 230 mg urea and 20 mL petroleum ether; heated and heated to 40°C with stirring, the reaction was stopped after 18 hours, cooled to room temperature, the organic layer was washed with 3 × 15 mL of water, the dichloromethane was removed by rotary evaporation, and the remaining liquid was distilled under reduced pressure to obtain a colorless Liquid isooctyl nitrate 21.75 g, yield is 97%, gas chromatograph analysis product purity is 99%.

[0026] Synthesize isooctyl nitrate in the same manner as in Example 1, and its various reaction conditions and reaction results are shown in Table 1.

[0027] Table 1 Preparation of isooctyl nitrate under different conditions 0.01-10 mol%.

[0028]

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Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing isooctyl nitrate by catalyzing nitration of isooctyl alcohol, using commercially available concentrated nitric acid as a nitrifying agent, using urea as a nitric acid decomposition retarder, and using trifluoromethanesulfonate as a catalyst to make iso-octyl nitrate Octanol is reacted in an organic solvent at a temperature of 10-120° C. for 4-60 hours to generate isooctyl nitrate. The method adopts a catalytic nitration method, uses concentrated nitric acid as a nitrifying agent, and does not need to use concentrated sulfuric acid; the process is simple, the waste is less, the environment is friendly, and it has a strong industrial application prospect.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nitrate synthesis, in particular to a method for preparing isooctyl nitrate by catalytic nitration. . Background technique [0002] Nitrates are an important class of organic compounds that have a wide range of uses in modern science, such as drugs such as cardiotonic and vasodilators, and are also important components of different explosives and high-energy propellants. As an important nitrate compound, isooctyl nitrate is mainly used as a diesel fuel additive to improve the cetane number of diesel fuel, thereby improving the combustion performance and safety of diesel fuel. It is a generally accepted cetane number improver. [0003] The current method for producing isooctyl nitrate generally adopts the mixed acid nitration method, that is, the isooctanol is reacted with a mixed acid composed of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid under the conditions of normal temperature or lower t...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C07C201/02C07C203/04
CPCC07C201/02C07C203/04
Inventor 杨贯羽刘佩佩安继超
Owner ZHENGZHOU UNIV
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