Preparation method of solid decontaminant for removing unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a solid decontaminant for removing unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine. The preparation method comprises the following steps: fully swelling cellulose in an organic solvent; mixing the fully swollen cellulose with alkali liquor for alkalization to obtain alkalized cellulose; mixing the alkalized cellulose with an acidifying agent for acidifying modification, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain acidified cellulose, namely the so-called solid decontaminant. The solid decontaminant prepared by the invention has large adsorption capacity onunsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, and a gelatinous solid is obtained after adsorption, so that unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine can be prevented from flowing, spreading and volatilizing, detonation isprevented, and the solid decontaminant is easy to clean, quick, safe and convenient.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine decontamination agents, in particular to a preparation method of a solid decontamination agent for removing unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine. Background technique [0002] Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) is widely used as the main propellant of launch vehicles due to its good energy performance in strategic and tactical ballistic missiles and launch vehicles. Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine is a flammable, explosive, volatile and highly toxic chemical, and is an organic weakly alkaline substance. In recent years, with the rapid development of my country's aerospace industry, the amount of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine has gradually increased. Once leakage occurs during use, it may be transformed into fire, explosion or personnel poisoning accidents at any time, and fire and explosion accidents are also Often due to the spread of leakage to expand. How to quickly deal with th...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The status quo of decontamination technology of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine at home and abroad: the method of rinsing and diluting with a large amount of water was used in the early stage for the leakage of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine. This method is simple and easy, but the undecomposed hydrazine in the water will pollute the groundwater and the environment; Based on this, adding hypochlorite in water has obvious decontamination effect on the leakage of unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine, but it has not completely solved the problem of air pollution caused by the leakage of unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine vapor; In the 1970s, the foam covering agent was developed as a decontamination agent to cover the leaked unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine and its waste water, and isolate it to prevent the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine vapor from diffusing into the atmosphere. At the same time, the hydrazine propellant Gelation can also effectively control the leakage of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine

The traditional unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine decontamination technology in China uses the principle of acid-base neutralization. When unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine leaks, acidic liquid is used for decontamination, and a large amount of liquid will flow and spread, and the contaminated area will expand, especially when leakage occurs in the silo. The outflowing liquid will accumulate in the silo and cause secondary pollution, so it is necessary to develop a solid decontamination agent to make the leaked unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine quickly leave the liquid state, prevent its diffusion and accident spread, and at the same time recover the solidified unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine It is easy to handle and can be incinerated without causing secondary pollution

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