A polymer composite material for space neutron shielding and its preparation method

A composite material and polymer technology, applied in the field of polymer composite materials for space neutron shielding and its preparation, can solve the problem of low polarity of polyethylene molecular chain, poor compatibility, poor mechanical strength and poor neutron shielding performance and other problems, to achieve the effect of simple process, low equipment cost, and improved interaction

Active Publication Date: 2021-11-09
UNIV OF SCI & TECH BEIJING +1
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  • Claims
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Problems solved by technology

However, the polarity of polyethylene molecular chains is low, and the compatibility with inorganic fillers is extremely poor. The internal filler and matrix phase separation of the obtained composite material is serious, which is reflected in the performance of the material. The mechanical strength and neutron shielding performance of the material are often poor

Method used

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  • A polymer composite material for space neutron shielding and its preparation method
  • A polymer composite material for space neutron shielding and its preparation method
  • A polymer composite material for space neutron shielding and its preparation method

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preparation example Construction

[0039] The present invention provides a polymer composite material for space neutron shielding and a preparation method thereof. The polymer composite material is a nanocomposite material, and has the characteristics of light weight and good neutron shielding performance. The technical solution realizes:

[0040] (1) The matrix of the nanocomposite is polyethylene, and the filler is hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets with a two-dimensional sheet structure; the surface of the boron nitride nanosheets is chemically modified and bound to the polyethylene polymer chain through covalent bonds It can effectively inhibit the agglomeration of the nanosheets and realize the uniform dispersion of the nanosheets in the polyethylene matrix.

[0041] (2) Two-dimensional boron nitride nanosheets are made of hexagonal boron nitride micro-particles as raw materials, and are made into dry powder by liquid-phase-assisted ultrasonic peeling, high-speed centrifugal sieving and freeze-drying, with...

Embodiment 1

[0047] Take a certain amount of hexagonal boron nitride micro-particles, sieve, dry, mix with absolute ethanol, then add silane coupling agent KH550 (γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane), use ultrasonic at room temperature and normal pressure The crusher was sonicated for 5h. After three times of centrifugation and washing, the unstripped boron nitride micro-particles and other organic impurities are removed to obtain a boron nitride nanosheet dispersion. Finally, the solvent is removed by freeze-drying to obtain a dry powder of boron nitride nanosheets.

Embodiment 2

[0049] The prepared boron nitride nanosheet powder and the maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene particles are physically mixed evenly, added to an internal mixer, mixed and reacted at 120-180 ° C for 30 minutes, and finally extruded to obtain a surface covalently grafted polyethylene. Boron nitride nanosheet particles.

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Abstract

The invention provides a polymer composite material for neutron shielding in space and a preparation method thereof. The composite material utilizes the rapid amidation reaction of amino groups on the surface of boron nitride nanosheets and maleic anhydride, and in the melting and mixing process In this method, maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene is grafted onto the surface of boron nitride to form a modified boron nitride nanosheet filler, which can improve the interaction between the filler and the polyethylene matrix, so that it can be uniformly dispersed, and a larger interface area can be obtained. Large nanocomposite shielding material. The technical solution provided by the invention has the characteristics of low equipment cost, simple process, etc., and the prepared boron nitride nanosheet / polyethylene nanocomposite material has a uniform nanofiller distribution structure and significantly improved neutron shielding performance.

Description

【Technical field】 [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of preparation and application of special composite materials in aerospace engineering, in particular to a polymer composite material used for space neutron shielding and a preparation method thereof. 【Background technique】 [0002] In recent years, in response to the demand for the development of light-weight, high-efficiency, integrated structure and function radiation protection materials for aerospace, a lot of research has been carried out at home and abroad, and a variety of shielding materials represented by aluminum alloy and boronized polyethylene have been designed and developed to adapt to The needs of aerospace engineering, especially manned aerospace engineering. Among cosmic rays, high-energy charged particles and neutrons are the ones that cause great harm to the health of astronauts, spacecraft and various equipment and instruments carried by spacecraft. The research on shielding materials...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C08L23/06C08K13/06C08K9/04C08K9/06C08K7/00C08K3/38C08J5/18
CPCC08J5/18C08J2323/06C08K3/38C08K7/00C08K9/06C08K9/08C08K13/06C08K2201/005C08K2201/011C08L2207/062C08L23/06
Inventor 王东瑞许龙龙林祥王佳平高建义刘宇李勇枝
Owner UNIV OF SCI & TECH BEIJING
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