Slow cutter servo cutter path and design method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a slow-tool servo tool path and a design method thereof. The slow-tool servo tool path is achieved on an ultra-precise single-point diamond lathe by utilizing linear motion axes X and Z and a turning main shaft C with angle positioning. The tool path is divided into a cutting zone and a non-cutting zone. In the cutting area, the cutter does linear motion relative to the machined workpiece to cut the to-be-machined workpiece; and in the non-cutting area, the cutter smoothly moves from the tail end of the previous cutting track of the cutting area to the starting point ofthe next cutting track. In the whole tool path running process, the feeding speed of the X axis of the lathe is kept smooth and continuous. The absolute value of the non-cutting area lathe X-axis feeding speed is not larger than the absolute value of the cutting area lathe X-axis feeding speed. Compared with the prior art, the cutter path designed by the invention needs a small amount of data, the processing quality is higher, and the cutter compensation calculation is simple. The design method of the tool path is provided, and the design method is simple in calculation and high in executionefficiency.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to ultra-precision machining, in particular to a method for machining free-form surfaces with a single-point diamond lathe and slow tool servo. Background technique [0002] The manufacturing technology of free-form optical components can be divided into two categories: ultra-precision micro-grinding and polishing technology and ultra-precision single-point diamond cutting technology. Among them, ultra-precision single-point diamond cutting includes flying tool milling, fast tool servo turning, and slow tool servo turning technology. Fly-cutter milling has a long processing cycle, initial tool setting is difficult, and the radius of gyration of the fly-cutter milling tool limits the surface shape of the workpiece. The main problem with fast tool servo turning technology is that the travel of most fast tool devices is less than 1mm, which limits their machining range. Slow tool servo turning technology, as a method of optical fre...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the projections of the existing slow-tool servo machining microlens array tool paths on the θ-ρ plane are all helical lines (such as figure 1 shown), there is a sharp jump in the Z axis at the junction of the cylinder with a sudden curvature change (such as figure 2 As shown), the roughness of the surface here is relatively large, and the tool compensation requires complex three-dimensional surface curvature calculations. Due to the limitation of the corresponding frequency of the Z axis, the turning speed is slow and the processing efficiency is low.

[0005] Although there is commercial software that can generate D-shaped tool paths, there is a sudden change in the tool path at the junction of the cutting zone and the non-cutting zone, resulting in a sudden change in the speed of the X-axis of the machine tool, and the machine tool cannot change instantaneously, resulting in tracking trajectory. The error becomes larger, and even the machine tool cannot respond, which affects the processing accuracy and processing efficiency

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