Method for quickly optimizing and compensating spatial positioning errors of rotating shaft of five-axis numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for quickly optimizing and compensating spatial positioning errors of a rotating shaft of a five-axis numerical control machine tool. The method comprises the following steps: 1) establishing a spatial positioning error model; (2) forming an error database containing 12 geometric error vectors of the rotating shaft; 3) constructing a numerical control system rotating shaft space positioning error compensation table; 4) establishing a compensation data optimization model; 5) completing iterative optimization of the compensation data, and realizing optimal selection of a correction coefficient; 6) completing compensation for the geometric errors of the rotating shaft of the five-axis numerical control machine tool; and 7) updating geometric error correction data to an error database, detecting a linkage track of the rotating shaft, setting a positioning error threshold of the linkage track, and circularly implementing three steps of operations of detection, optimization and compensation to realize precision guarantee. According to the optimization compensation method, iteration of the machine tool space positioning error compensation value can be efficiently and conveniently completed, the automation degree is high, the adaptability of optimization compensation is good, and technical support is provided for machine tool machining precision.

Description

Technical field [0001] The present invention relates to the field of five-axis digital control machine tool accuracy compensation, and specifically, a rapid optimization compensation method for the positioning error of a five-axis CNC machine wheel rotating shaft. Background technique [0002] The five-axis CNC machine tool is the core equipment of the machining large complex curved part. The high and low of its processing accuracy determines the advantages and disadvantages of the machined part. Since the five-axis CNC machine is more than two rotary axes than the three-axis machine, the addition of the rotating shaft brings more geometric error sources, making the five-axis CNC machine tool processing accuracy difficult to obtain effective guarantee. Therefore, how to improve the machining accuracy of the five-axis CNC machine tool has become the research focus of research on domestic and foreign research. [0003] At present, the domestic five-axis CNC machine tool has been co...

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Problems solved by technology

Patent 201410352916 modeled and identified 12 geometric errors on the rotary axis of the turntable type, and then used the geometric error compensation value to correct the numerical control command to achieve the compensation effect, but there are two shortcomings in this compensation method: 1. The geometry of the identified rotary axis Error, there are still operation errors and identification errors in the value, which cannot be directly used to compensate geometric errors; 2. Although the effect of correcting NC instructions is better, it is not suitable for large and complex parts, because the number of lines of NC instructions for large and complex parts All start from 100,000 lines, and the method of modifying instructions is too inefficient

Patent 201610045130.6 based on the RTCP motion control function completed the identification of 12 geometric errors of the rotary axis of the CA double swing head machine tool. Due to the addition of detection tooling, the geometric errors identified by this method will also be affected by the identification accuracy and tooling errors. All the identified geometric errors cannot be directly used to compensate the spatial accuracy of the rotary axis

To sum up, the geometric error identification and compensation of the rotation axis proposed in the existing methods have certain limitations, and a more adaptable method for improving the spatial positioning accuracy of the rotation axis is urgently needed

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