Laser wire filling welding method for medium-thickness plate aluminum/steel dissimilar metal

Abstract

The invention provides a laser wire filling welding method for medium-thickness plate aluminum/steel dissimilar metal. The laser wire filling welding method comprises the following steps that (1) a Y-shaped groove and a V-shaped groove are formed in a to-be-welded aluminum plate and a to-be-welded steel plate which are equal in thickness respectively, and the Y-shaped groove, the V-shaped groove, the upper surface and the lower surface of the aluminum plate and the upper surface and the lower surface of the steel plate are deeply cleaned; (2) the to-be-welded aluminum plate and the to-be-welded steel plate are placed on a welding clamp to be clamped and fixed, and a welding joint is a butt joint; (3) the positions of a main light beam and an auxiliary light beam are adjusted, and the light beam power is set; and (4) process parameters are set, and once the welding process parameters are determined, the welding process parameters are kept unchanged in the welding process. According to the welding method, laser wire filling is adopted so that the absorptivity of the aluminum alloy can be improved, the welding process is stabilized, crack forming conditions are prevented, the mechanical property of a welding seam is improved, temperature field distribution of a welding joint can be effectively adjusted, interface reaction can be controlled favorably, and meanwhile, the defect that the side wall is not fused is overcome, and the strength of the welding joint is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a laser wire-filling welding method for aluminum / steel dissimilar metals of medium and thick plates, and belongs to the technical field of laser processing of dissimilar metals. Background technique [0002] In recent years, in domestic and foreign industrial production, more and more products adopt aluminum / steel bimetallic welding structure, especially in aviation, automobile, electrical engineering, chemical industry, national defense and other industrial sectors. However, the medium and thick plate has high strength and can withstand high load weight, impact and pressure. It is mainly used in the outer shell and internal bulkhead of the hull, the manufacture of large-diameter oil and gas pipelines, and gates of hydropower stations. middle. In addition, aluminum and aluminum alloys have low density, high specific strength, and good electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and corrosion resistance. In order to give ful...

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Problems solved by technology

In addition, due to the high reflectivity of the aluminum alloy to the laser, the joint softens, and the welding process is prone to thermal cracks, etc., these problems limit the use of laser welding to join aluminum / steel dissimilar metals

[0009] Therefore, the welding methods in the prior art are difficult to meet the welding requirements of aluminum / steel dissimilar metals in medium and heavy plates

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