Powder bed five-axis additive and subtractive composite manufacturing device

Abstract

A powder bed five-axis additive and subtractive composite manufacturing device comprises a machine tool, a subtractive device and an SLM additive device. The subtractive device and the SLM additive device are arranged on the machine tool, and the subtractive device and the SLM additive device are arranged in a protective cover. The subtractive device conducts subtractive machining through a five-axis swing head connected to a machine tool ram. The SLM additive device adopts a powder supply mode of downward powder feeding and comprises an additive base plate and a powder laying scraper, the additive base plate is divided into a powder laying base plate area and a powder bin powder supply area, and a posture-adjustable powder laying base plate of the powder laying base plate area and a powder bin push plate of the powder bin powder supply area both have Z-direction movement freedom degrees and move in opposite directions in the working process. The powder laying scraper moves back and forth between the posture-adjustable powder laying base plate and the powder layer surface of the powder bin push plate, and powder laying work is achieved. A movable laser galvanometer is further arranged on the machine tool ram to carry out the additive process. According to the Powder bed five-axis additive and subtractive composite manufacturing device, less-support or support-free printing of parts with complex structures is achieved, and the precision of internal and external structures of the parts is improved; and the laser spot size is reduced, and the powder bed additive manufacturing precision is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a powder bed five-axis additive and subtractive composite manufacturing equipment. Background technique [0002] Additive manufacturing (or 3D printing) technology, because it forms a three-dimensional entity through the orderly accumulation of materials layer by layer, can realize the integration of complex parts, topography and lightweight forming, and has high material utilization rate and strong forming process flexibility. The advantages are gradually being applied in the fields of aviation, aerospace, precision molds, nuclear energy, medical treatment, etc., and have broad prospects. At present, the most common form of metal additive manufacturing is powder bed fusion. The metal melting heat source used in this type of process includes laser and electron beam. Taking Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology as an example, laser is used as the The energy sour...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] One is how to effectively reduce the formation of support structures in the process of adding materials for complex parts, especially those with complex internal flow channels, improve the printing accuracy of the internal structure of the parts, and facilitate the removal of the material reduction process; the second is the current The processing scope of some SLM additive and subtractive composite manufacturing equipment is still limited. Only three degrees of freedom of machine tools and one degree of freedom of powder substrates still have great limitations in the reduction of complex internal structures. It is impossible to further reduce the surface roughness of some specific internal structures (such as inner runners); the third is that the combination of subtractive machine tools and additive equipment tends to make the internal space of the equipment larger, and the existing SLM additive and subtractive composite manufacturing equipment often uses The laser galvanometer is placed on the top of the equipment, which will easily cause the distance between the galvanometer and the printing substrate to be too large, and the laser spot size will be too large, which will affect the SLM printing quality

Images