First wall structure for fusion reactor high-dose neutron irradiation and megawatt-level thermal load

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fusion reactors, and particularly relates to a first wall structure for high-dose neutron irradiation and megawatt-level thermal load of a fusion reactor, and the first wall structure comprises a first wall body, a protection layer and a flow channel lining; a protective layer is arranged on the outer side of the front wall of the first wall body, flow channels used for coolant circulation are formed in the first wall body, the flow channel linings are located in the flow channels, a plurality of flow channels which are arranged in parallel in the transverse direction are formed in the first wall body, and flow channel gaps are formed between the flow channels in the first wall body. The first wall body is made of V-(4-5)% Cr-(4-5)% Ti vanadium alloy, the protective layer is in a tungsten tile shape, and the runner lining is made of a low-activation ferrite / martensitic stainless steel RAFMs thin wall. The first wall is long in service life, can bear 1MW / m < 2 > surface high heat load, is high in coolant operation temperature, and can meet the requirements of a CFETR and a future fusion reactor first wall.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fusion reactors, and in particular relates to a first wall structure for high-dose neutron irradiation and megawatt-level heat load of fusion reactors. Background technique [0002] Nuclear fusion energy is the main energy source for future human beings. In the fusion reaction, the Lawson criterion is reached by heating and confining the deuterium-tritium fuel to form a high-temperature plasma of hundreds of millions of degrees. When the deuterium-tritium nuclear fusion reaction will release up to 17.4MeV fusion energy, which contains 14MeV high-energy fusion neutrons. [0003] The first wall is a high heat load component directly facing the plasma, which covers more than 80% of the high temperature plasma. The 14MeV high-energy neutrons produced by the fusion reaction will act on the first wall, resulting in severe radiation damage. With the increase of operating time, the radiation damage of the struc...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] The existing helium-cooled first wall cannot meet the needs of CFETR and future fusion reactors

Its main disadvantages are: (1) Low-activation ferrite / martensitic stainless steel (RAFMs) is mainly used as the structural material. The upper limit of the allowable temperature of RAFMs steel is 550°C, and the allowable limit of neutron irradiation is 20dpa, which seriously limits the The heat carrying capacity and service life of the first wall; (2) The heat carrying capacity of the first wall is about 0.3-0.5MW / m 2 , unable to meet up to 1MW / m 2 (3) The inlet / outlet temperature of the first wall coolant is about 300 / 500°C, and the operating temperature of the working fluid is relatively low, so the thermoelectric conversion efficiency is low, which is not conducive to the economical operation of the fusion reactor

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