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Novel Recombinant BCG Tuberculosis Vaccine Designed to Elicit Immune Responses to Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in all Physiological Stages of Infection and Disease

a technology of mtb and recombinant bcg, which is applied in the field of improved mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccines, can solve the problems of inability to prevent the establishment of latent tb or disease reactivation of infection in adolescents and adults, and no vaccines have been developed which confer immunity to infection by mtb and at the same time treat, so as to prevent the establishment of infection and prevent the reactivation of laten

Active Publication Date: 2011-05-19
INT AIDS VACCINE INITIATIVE INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention is a new type of vaccine called recombinant Bacille Calmette-Guerin (rBCG) that can prevent or treat tuberculosis (TB) infections. rBCG is genetically engineered to express antigens from the TB bacteria that cause infection. The vaccine can protect against active TB infections and also prevent the reactivation of latent TB in individuals who have been previously infected. The rBCG overexpresses genes that produce protective immune responses to TB and also genes that are involved in the resuscitation or reactivation of TB. The rBCG can be administered as a prophylactic vaccine to prevent TB infection or as a treatment for individuals who have already been exposed to or infected with TB. The rBCG vaccine can protect against all stages of TB exposure and is effective in preventing the reactivation of latent TB.

Problems solved by technology

The current prophylactic (pre-exposure) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) vaccine Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) BCG, introduced over 60 years ago, efficiently protects against severe disease manifestation in children but fails to prevent the establishment of latent TB or disease reactivation of infection in adolescents and adults.
To date, no successful vaccines have been developed which confer immunity to infection by Mtb and at the same time treat or prevent the development of symptoms of TB after exposure to Mtb, or as a result of reactivation of latent infection.

Method used

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  • Novel Recombinant BCG Tuberculosis Vaccine Designed to Elicit Immune Responses to Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in all Physiological Stages of Infection and Disease
  • Novel Recombinant BCG Tuberculosis Vaccine Designed to Elicit Immune Responses to Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in all Physiological Stages of Infection and Disease
  • Novel Recombinant BCG Tuberculosis Vaccine Designed to Elicit Immune Responses to Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in all Physiological Stages of Infection and Disease

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Selection of Suitable Antigens and Design of rBCG Based on this Selection

[0061]An initial group of Mtb proteins (189 antigens, see Table 1) was selected from all possible 3989 Mtb ORFs, according to the following selection procedure:

(1) Compilation of available data for all 3989 TB ORF products: Literature scan for global analyses (e.g. up / down regulation of expression under various conditions such as hypoxia, dormancy, interaction with macrophage, location and persistence in lung tissue; iron regulation; transcriptomics and proteomics profiles; mutation leading to attenuation of virulence; potential high immune response etc.).

(2) Establishing a subset of genes by cross matching the accumulated data: Selection of antigens that demonstrate positive evidence in any two independent studies originating from different criteria mentioned above.

(3) Iterative trimming of the above subset, aiming at selecting an initial group of candidates (Table 1, 189 antigens), based on the extent of effe...

example 2

Construction of a Recombinant BCG Genetically Engineered to Express at Least One Classical Mtb Antigen, at Least One Mtb Resuscitation / Reactivation Antigen and in which the DosR Regulon is Upregulated

Materials and Methods: General

[0070]For the construction of an rBCG described in the following sections, restriction endonucleases (herein “REs”); New England Biolabs Beverly, Mass.), T4 DNA ligase (New England Biolabs, Beverly, Mass.) and Taq polymerase (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, Calif.) were used according to the manufacturers' protocols; Plasmid DNA was prepared using small-scale (Qiagen MiniprepR kit, Santa Clara, Calif.) or large-scale (Qiagen MaxiprepR kit, Santa Clara, Calif.) plasmids DNA purification kits according to the manufacturer's protocols (Qiagen, Santa Clara, Calif.); Nuclease-free, molecular biology grade Milli-Q water, Tris-HCl (pH 7.5), EDTA pH 8.0, 1M MgCl−2, 100% (v / v) ethanol, ultra-pure agarose, and agarose gel electrophoresis buffer were purchased from Invitrogen, ...

example 3

Demonstration of the Immunogenicity and Protection Elicited by Vaccination with AERAS-407 in Mice

[0081]To illustrate the immune responses elicited by AERAS-407 and to demonstrate its protective efficacy against tuberculosis, four groups of 10 C57 / BL6 mice are vaccinated subcutaneously with either 1) saline, 2) BCG, 3) BCG-PfoA or 4) AERAS-407. Mice in groups 2, 3, and 4 receive 5×105 cfu of BCG or recombinant BCG. After 10 weeks, five mice from each group are sacrificed for immune assays and the remaining animals are challenged with 100 cfu aerosolized M. tuberculosis Erdman.

[0082]To measure humoral immune responses, a peptide microarray chip has been designed. The chip is spotted with overlapping 50 amino acid peptides generated from the sequences of Rv1886c, Rv3804c, Rv3407c, Rv0867c, Rv1884c, Rv2389c, Rv3133c, and all BCG encoded DosR-regulated proteins which are at least 2 fold induced by the overexpression of DosR (i.e. DosR regulated genes for which transcription is at least 2...

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Abstract

A vaccine against Mycobacteria tuberculosis (Mtb) is provided. The vaccine comprises a recombinant Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) subunit-based vaccine in which one or more Mtb antigens and one or more Mtb resuscitation or reactivation antigens are overexpressed, and in which at least a portion of the DosR regulon is up-regulated. The vaccine is protective against active Mtb infection both pre- and post-exposure to Mtb, and thus prevents disease symptoms due to the recurrence of a latent Mtb infection.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0001]1. Field of the Invention[0002]The invention generally relates to improved Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) vaccines that are successful in preventing the development of symptoms of tuberculosis, both pre- and post-exposure to Mtb. In particular, the invention provides an improved recombinant Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) subunit-based vaccine in which one or more Mtb antigens and one or more Mtb resuscitation or reactivation antigens are overexpressed, and in which at least a portion of the DosR regulon is up-regulated.[0003]2. Background of the Invention[0004]The current prophylactic (pre-exposure) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) vaccine Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) BCG, introduced over 60 years ago, efficiently protects against severe disease manifestation in children but fails to prevent the establishment of latent TB or disease reactivation of infection in adolescents and adults. Moreover, essentially all novel Mtb vaccines currently in clini...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A61K39/04A61P31/06A61P37/04
CPCA61K39/04C07K14/35A61K2039/53A61K2039/522A61P31/06A61P37/04
Inventor SHAFFERMAN, AVIGDORZVI, ANATARIEL, NAOMIFULKERSON, JOHNSUN, ROAGGAICHANG, ROSEMARYSADOFF, JERALD C.
Owner INT AIDS VACCINE INITIATIVE INC
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