Gelling agent for water shut-off in oil and gas wells

a technology for oil and gas wells and gelling agents, which is applied in the direction of fluid removal, borehole/well accessories, chemistry apparatus and processes, etc., can solve the problems of high water disposal costs, uneconomic hydrocarbon production, and water production, so as to reduce or eliminate the flow of water, minimize or completely shut off excess water production, and reduce hydrocarbon productivity

Inactive Publication Date: 2016-03-10
KUWAIT INST FOR SCI RES
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0009]The gelling agent for water shut-off in oil and gas wells is a composition that forms a gel to reduce or eliminate the flow of water in a gas or oil well. The composition is formed by mixing polyvinyl alcohol, a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer, or mixtures thereof with an amino-aldehyde oligomer. The polymer composition can be used to minimize or completely shut off excess water production with insignificant reduction in hydrocarbon productivity.
[0010]The gelling agent is prepared by dissolving the PVA at a concentration of 10%-12%; preparing a solution of the amino-aldehyde oligomer at a concentrations of 40% to 85%; adding the PVA solution to the amino aldehyde oligomer in a ratio of 10% to 50% by weight of the final polymer composition; optionally adding a cross-linker either before injection or after injection of the final polymer composition into the well in a subterranean formation; adding a retarder, if needed, to delay the gel time of the polymer composition; and optionally adding an accelerator to accelerate the gel time of the polymer composition.

Problems solved by technology

In some cases, even though substantial flows of hydrocarbons have been shown, water production is so great and water disposal costs so high that hydrocarbon production is not economical.
The excessive water production causes many problems and becomes very costly when the water cut increases.
Other factors that may cause water production include micro-cracks in cement sheet, closeness of perforations to the water zone, and high oil / water viscosity ratio, among other things.
There is no universal treatment method to treat excessive water production in producing oil wells.
The non-polymeric systems, e.g., cement squeeze, were used and reported by some researchers with some limited success.
The use of inorganic gels, e.g., sodium silicate with hydrochloric acid, was tried by many researchers, also with some limited success.
Organic polymer gel systems have also met with limited success.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Preparation of Urea-Formaldehyde

[0017]The preparation of urea-formaldehyde (UF) followed a procedure that was described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,686,790, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Formaldehyde was heated to 80° C., its pH was raised to 8.5, and then a solution of water and urea (100 gm H2O+86 gm Urea) that was separately prepared was added. The pH of the solution was again set to 8.5. The mixture was then allowed to react at 80° C. for 30 minutes. After 30 minutes, the pH of the mixture was lowered to 4.8 by adding sulfuric acid, and then allowed to react for another 30 minutes. After 30 minutes, the pH was raised to 7.0, and then (50-100) gm urea was added. When the urea dissolved completely, after 5.0 minutes the solution came to equilibrium, and then the pH of the solution was lowered to 4.8 by adding formic acid. The mixture is then allowed to cook for 30 minutes. After 30 minutes, the pH of the solution was raised to 8.0 by adding KOH, and then allowe...

example 2

Preparation of Sulfonated Melamine Formaldehyde

[0018]The preparation of the sulfonated melamine formaldehyde (SMF) resins followed a procedure that was developed before in U.S. Pat. No. 4,677,159, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. The preparation procedure follows four steps. In the first step, a formalin solution of 18% concentration is prepared by dissolving 50.34 g of 94.6% paraformaldehyde in 230 ml of water. The reaction mixture is heated at 50° C. for 30 minutes after its pH is raised by the addition of 0.5 ml of 10 N NaOH. After the solution becomes clear, 88 ml of water is added to it, and the solution is heated at 50° C. for an additional 15 minutes. Then, the pH of the solution is raised to 11.35 and 50 g of melamine is added to it. Upon addition of melamine, it was noted that the temperature of the reaction mixture increases by about 4-5° C., then falls back gradually to 50° C. within 15 minutes, during which time the melamine dissolves completely...

examples 3-23

Preparation of Various Polymer Compositions

[0020]Various polymeric compositions were then prepared by mixing different proportions of each using bench top mixers. Urea-formaldehyde (UF) with sulfonated melamine formaldehyde (SMF) and other additives was used in single form and in combinations thereof. The raw materials of urea, melamine, formaldehyde, sulfuric acid and caustic soda were used in the preparation of new compositions. Commercial polymers, such as carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), were used. The polyvinyl alcohol used had molecular weights ranging from 15,000 g / mol to 146,000 ginaol. All of the acids, alcohols and other chemicals that were used for various compositions were of the technical grade type, and were obtained off the shelf. Other additives that were used are described in examples 1 and 2.

[0021]Table 1 shows the physical properties of 21 polymer compositions that were prepared for evaluation. The rows in Table 1 summarize the 21 sample...

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Abstract

The gelling agent for water shut-off in oil and gas wells is a composition that forms a gel to reduce or eliminate the flow of water in a gas or oil well. The composition is formed by mixing polyvinyl alcohol, a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer, or mixtures thereof with an amino-aldehyde oligomer, such as urea formaldehyde or melamine formaldehyde, with or without a cross-linker. The polymer composition can be used to minimize or completely shut off excess water production with insignificant reduction in hydrocarbon productivity.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0001]1. Field of the Invention[0002]The present invention relates to polymer gels, and particularly to a gelling agent for water shut-off in oil and gas wells that enables retarding the fluid flow of water from subterranean oil and gas reservoirs using gel compositions formed by crosslinking water soluble polymers (such as polyvinyl alcohol) with urea-formaldehyde oligomer.[0003]2. Description of the Related Art[0004]Normally, when oil reservoirs become mature, most oil reservoirs produce water mixed with oil in their production lifetime. In some cases, even though substantial flows of hydrocarbons have been shown, water production is so great and water disposal costs so high that hydrocarbon production is not economical. Therefore it is desirable to find a way to reduce or shut off the flow of water while permitting hydrocarbon production to continue.[0005]If the water production is reduced by some treatment (such as polymer gels) for water shut-off, the...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C09K8/42
CPCC09K8/42C09K8/5083C09K8/512C09K8/887C09K8/882C09K8/885
Inventor LAHALIH, SHAWQUI, M.
Owner KUWAIT INST FOR SCI RES
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