Process and plant for at least partial gasification of solid organic feed material

Abstract

A process for at least partial gasification of solid organic feed material, in which, from the feed material, in a low-temperature gasifier by low-temperature carbonization, a tar-containing low-temperature carbonization gas is obtained, and the low-temperature carbonization gas is then reacted in a high-temperature gasifier by partial oxidation and subsequent partial reduction to form a syngas, whereby, in a cooling appliance provided downstream of the high-temperature gasifier, the syngas is cooled in such a manner that alkalis present in the syngas remain in the gaseous phase, and coke particles present in the syngas already no longer possess stickiness, and that in a cyclone appliance provided downstream of the cooling appliance, a coarse fraction of coke particles is separated out from the syngas, wherein a fine fraction of the coke particles passes through the cyclone appliance together with the syngas.

Description

[0001]The invention relates to a process and a plant for at least partial gasification of solid organic feed material, in particular biomass, having a low-temperature gasifier and a high-temperature gasifier.PRIOR ART[0002]Processes for producing syngas from solid organic feed material, also termed gasification processes for short, are known. Advantageously, as feed material for such processes, coal or biomass is used: In biomass gasification processes, for example wood waste and forestry wood residues or what are termed wood fuels are used, but also agricultural residues such as straw or chaff.[0003]By gasifying biomass to form syngas with downstream process steps (termed biomass-to-liquids processes, BTL), for example synthetic biofuel can be obtained, which is similar in its physicochemical properties to known gas-to-liquids (GTL) and coal-to-liquids (CTL) fuels. An example of a plant for producing BTL fuels is shown in Kiener, C. and Bilas, I: Synthetischer Biokraftstoff der zwe...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

This patent proposes a process and a plant for gasifying solid organic material, such as biomass, using two different types of gasifiers. One gasifier operates at a low temperature and the other operates at a high temperature. The two gasifiers are connected to each other, so that the gas produced by the low-temperature gasifier can be used as a fuel for the high-temperature gasifier. This allows for a more efficient and cost-effective gasification process.

Problems solved by technology

However, during the cooling of the syngas, condensation of alkalis on the residual coke occurs, and so, to prevent an excessive alkali concentration in the high-temperature gasifier, not all of the residual coke can be recirculated.

However, owing to this partial lack of further use of residual coke, the efficiency of the plant is decreased overall.

Images