The present invention discloses a method, device, equipment and storage medium for Chinese spelling error correction by sampling segmentation and reorganization. The method obtains all reasoning trajectories of preset large language models (LLMs); performs word-meaning unit segmentation on target sample sentences and input sentences in all reasoning trajectories, aligns the sentences in all reasoning trajectories according to the word segmentation results of the input sentences, merges and optimizes the alignment results to obtain optimized alignment results; scores and screens the optimized alignment results to obtain Chinese spelling error correction results. The method can trace back all trajectories of LLMs in the reasoning process in a depth-first manner, mine all contents generated by LLMs, make full use of their rich language capabilities, fully mine the contents generated by LLMs in the reasoning process, and use these contents to reorganize more accurate error correction results, thereby significantly improving the performance of two types of LLMs, namely, those based on prompts and those based on supervised fine-tuning, on CSC tasks.