Method for capturing carbon dioxide by utilizing electrical desorption technology

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for capturing carbon dioxide by utilizing an electrical desorption technology, which is a method for capturing the carbon dioxide as greenhouse gas through multi-tower type cyclic adsorption and electrical desorption technologies, and comprises the following steps: a. under the conditions that the temperature is 10 to 50 DEG C and the pressure is 1.1 to 5.0atm, capturing flue gas and the carbon dioxide in industrial tail gas by adopting an adsorbent with low pressure drop and good electricity and heat conducting performance; and b. under the condition of electrically heating the adsorbent to the temperature of 100 to 200 DEG C, desorbing the adsorbent in the step a, cooling the carbon dioxide-contained gas obtained through desorption and enabling the gas to enter a gas collector. The invention has the advantages that the adsorbent is electrically heated, thereby the temperature-rising speed is high, and the utilization ratio of electrical energy is higher; and the adsorbents with smaller pressure drop and high gas processing quantity are selected to be built into an adsorbent bed with the height of 10 meters or higher, thereby the temperature-reducing time period is shortened, the energy consumption for capturing the carbon dioxide is reduced, and the cost of capture and post processing is lowered.

Description

【Technical field】 [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of greenhouse gas carbon dioxide emission reduction, in particular to a method for efficiently capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas and industrial tail gas by using electrolysis technology. 【Background technique】 [0002] In recent years, climate warming caused by the greenhouse effect has become a major environmental issue of global concern, and has attracted more and more attention from all countries in the world. CO 2 It is the most important man-made greenhouse gas, which mainly comes from the flue gas emitted by burning fossil fuels in power plants, cement plants, and steel plants. However, renewable energy, such as wind energy, water energy, biomass energy, etc., is still in the research and development stage and cannot meet the needs of energy growth. Fossil fuels will continue to be used in large quantities to meet global energy needs. Therefore, in order to slow down the greenhouse effect, it is...

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Problems solved by technology

However, this research has just started, and it is still necessary to improve the electrical and thermal conductivity of the adsorbent material, solve the matching problem between the adsorbent and the equipment, optimize the process conditions, and reduce the electrical energy consumption of the electrodesorption process.

[0005] In view of this, there is an urgent need in this field for a new and efficient method for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas and industrial tail gas, to overcome the CO present in the prior art. 2 The cost and energy consumption of adsorption and capture are high, and at a high recovery rate (CO 2 >80%) captured CO 2 Defects such as increased post-processing (pressurized storage) costs caused by low purity (less than or equal to 75v / v%)

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