30 results about "Electrolysis operation" patented technology

The invention discloses a preparation method of a porous copper foil based on a hydrogel template and the porous copper fores.The method comprises the steps that firstly, a hydrogel solution is applied to the surface of a cathode roller in a spraying mode, and a hydrogel shielding point array is formed by means of the self-polymerization characteristic of the hydrogel solution; secondly, performing electrolysis operation by taking a cathode roller area outside the shielding point as a deposition site to prepare a composite copper foil mingled with the hydrogel shielding point; and then, stripping the composite copper foil from the cathode roller, placing the composite copper foil in an alkaline solution for ultrasonic treatment for 0.5-5 minutes, so that the hydrogel shielding point is swelled and then falls off through ultrasonic oscillation, and a pure porous copper foil is obtained. And finally, performing surface treatment on the porous copper foil by adopting a passivation solution to improve the stability of the porous copper foil. According to the method, accurate regulation and control of the porous structure are achieved through the hydrogel template, the preparation process is green and efficient, and the obtained porous copper foil is uniform in pore distribution, large in specific surface area and good in mechanical property.

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, and discloses a device and a method for hydrogen production by alkaline water electrolysis enhanced by active ions regulated and controlled by a magnetic field. An anode magnetic flow channel and an anode non-magnetic substrate in the electrolytic cell are integrally designed and are combined to form an anode magnetic field functional bipolar plate, and the anode magnetic flow channel is formed. In the electrolysis operation process, the migration behavior and spatial distribution of iron ions dissolved in the electrolyte are actively regulated and controlled by applying an external magnetic field to the anode region, so that the iron ion concentration of the electrolyte phase is not increased, and the main body structure and material system of the existing industrial electrolytic cell are not changed; and the dissolved iron ions are directionally enriched on an anode interface. Through the regulation and control, relatively high dynamic iron active site coverage can be maintained on the surface of the anode, the polarization loss of oxygen evolution reaction is reduced, and the efficiency and stability of the process of hydrogen production by alkaline water electrolysis under the conditions of high current density and wide load operation are improved.

The invention discloses equipment for producing ozone by electrolyzing water for household appliances, relates to the field of equipment for producing ozone by electrolyzing water, solves the problem that the existing equipment for producing ozone by electrolyzing water for household appliances is not convenient and efficient enough in use and maintenance process, and comprises a water storage tank, a box body, an electrolysis unit, a deionization unit, a switching driving unit and a regeneration cleaning unit, the water body is electrolyzed through the electrolysis unit to generate ozone, anions and cations in the water body are subjected to deionization operation through the deionization assemblies, and when the output ozone concentration is continuously lower than a set threshold value, the deionization assemblies are controlled to be switched through the switching driving unit; the deionization assembly is self-cleaned through the regeneration cleaning unit, meanwhile, the cleaned deionization assembly is switched to the working state to continue deionization operation, operation is more convenient and efficient, power failure and shutdown are not needed, electrolysis operation can be continuously conducted in the switching process, and self-cleaning of the deionization assembly is synchronously completed.

The invention discloses a method and device for preparing a silver compound from metallic silver. The method mainly comprises the following steps that (1) at least one electrolytic bath is adopted, the metallic silver is taken as an anode, an insoluble conductor is taken as a cathode, the anode is connected with an anode of an electrolytic power source, and the cathode is connected with a cathode of the electrolytic power source; (2) putting an alkaline electrolyte into an electrolytic bath as an electrolyte in contact with the anode; and (3) starting an electrolysis power supply to carry out electrolysis operation, carrying out metal silver dissolution reaction on the anode, and reacting silver ions generated by dissolution in the alkaline electrolyte to generate a solid silver compound and / or a soluble silver complex. According to the invention, the three problems of safety, pollution and cost in the existing production technology for preparing the silver compound are solved.

The application relates to the technical field of ammonium oxidation, and discloses an anode material for ammonium oxidation under a low-concentration chloride ion condition and a preparation method thereof.The anode material takes manganese dioxide as a carrier and is loaded with monatomic silver, and the loading amount of the monatomic silver is less than 0.1 wt%.In the preparation process, first, constant current density electrodeposition is carried out to prepare a MnO2 / platinum-coated titanium mesh; then, a wet chemical immersion method is used to load Ag on the MnO2 substrate; finally, high-temperature air atmosphere calcination is carried out to prepare a monatomic Ag / MnO2 anode material.The application utilizes the acid resistance of MnO2 itself and the strong metal carrier interaction between metal Ag and MnO2 to realize stable and continuous electrolysis operation; and Ag and MnO2 realize the enrichment of low-concentration chloride ions at the anode interface through chemical affinity and physical adsorption, thereby realizing the efficient generation of active chlorine under the condition of low-concentration chloride ions.

The present application relates to the technical field of electrolysis analysis, and particularly relates to an electrolysis analysis method and system for visualizing bubble behavior and cooperatively representing impedance spectrum. The method comprises the following steps: during electrolysis operation, simultaneously starting electrochemical impedance spectrum test and visual observation on the surface of an electrode; obtaining data of electrochemical parameters changing with time in a first time period, and data of bubble behavior changing with time in a total time period, and obtaining data of bubble behavior changing with time in the first time period by intercepting data in a time period corresponding to the first time period from the data of bubble behavior changing with time in the total time period; and then performing correlation analysis on the bubble behavior and the electrochemical parameters. The present application simultaneously performs EIS test and visual experiment, and after time alignment, correlation analysis on the bubble behavior and the electrochemical parameters can be performed, so that the inherent mechanism of the bubble affecting electrolysis is deeply analyzed, the accurate induction factor of electrolysis performance improvement or attenuation is obtained, and operation parameter optimization guidance is provided.

The invention provides an anti-oxidation device and method for an aluminum electrolysis carbon anode, particularly relates to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis, and aims to solve the technical problems that the production operation is influenced by an existing optimized electrolytic cell sealing scheme, and the cost of an anode protective paint coating scheme is high and primary aluminum is possibly polluted. The device comprises a protection plate assembly, a fixing assembly and a heat-conducting and electricity-conducting auxiliary layer, the protection plate assembly is used for a corner easily-oxidized area of the anode, the heat-conducting and electricity-conducting auxiliary layer is arranged between the protection plate assembly and the surface of the anode, and the fixing assembly penetrates through the protection plate assembly and the heat-conducting and electricity-conducting auxiliary layer and then is embedded into the anode so as to jointly fix the protection plate assembly and the heat-conducting and electricity-conducting auxiliary layer on the surface of the anode. The device can accurately block air, high temperature and corrosive media in the anode corner area near the fire eye opening of the electrolytic bath to inhibit oxidation loss, is suitable for anodes of different specifications and daily electrolysis operation, and ensures stable conduction and heat dissipation of the anodes.

A water electrolysis device (10) is provided with a bypass flow path (56) through which a water discharge flow path (60) communicates with a water supply flow path (52). In the water electrolysis device (10), when a water electrolysis stack (14) is operated for water electrolysis, at least some of alkaline water (AWO) containing oxygen bubbles that is flowing through the water discharge flow path (60) is returned to a water supply interconnection hole (34) inside the water electrolysis stack (14) through the bypass flow path (56) via the water supply flow path (52) and circulated.

The utility model discloses a sodium hypochlorite generator inlet saline water standby filtering and pipeline device, which comprises U-shaped frames and a filtering assembly, a plurality of U-shaped frames are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of a salt pond, connecting parts are arranged on the sides of the U-shaped frames, the filtering assembly comprises a fixed frame, limiting parts are symmetrically arranged on one side of the fixed frame, and the bottoms of the limiting parts are connected to inner cavities of the U-shaped frames in a penetrating manner. An intercepting net is arranged on the outer side of the fixing frame, supporting parts are arranged on the opposite sides of the U-shaped frame and located at the bottom of the fixing frame, and a feeding part is arranged at the bottom of the fixing frame; the fixing frame with the intercepting net arranged on the outer side in the filtering assembly is fixed to the U-shaped frame through the limiting part and the supporting part, raw material saline water is introduced into the intercepting net through the feeding part, foreign matter in the raw material saline water is intercepted through the intercepting net, and compared with the mode that a feeding pipeline is directly arranged at the bottom of a salt pond, the filtering effect is better; according to the design, undissolved salt and impurities are prevented from being accumulated due to gravity to block the feeding pipe, and the subsequent electrolysis operation of the salt pond is not influenced.

The invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a treatment method of perovskite precursor synthesis waste liquid. According to the method, the pH value of the strongly acidic perovskite precursor synthesis waste liquid is adjusted to be more than 3, so that the electrode potential of X2 / X-(X = Br <-> / Cl <-> / I <->) is reduced, the elemental halogen in the oxidation state can be reduced and recovered in the subsequent steps, and the recovery is thorough. The method is free of electrolysis, simple to operate and easy to industrialize; the used precipitant soluble lead is low in cost, and meanwhile, the recycled lead halide can be directly used for synthesizing the perovskite precursor, so that the waste of halogen elements is reduced, and the cost is saved.

The utility model discloses a renewable energy circulating electrolysis hydrogen production machine which comprises a shell, an electrolysis box is embedded in the top end of the shell, a liquid supplementing valve is installed on one side of the top end of the electrolysis box, a machine barrel is installed on one side of the bottom of the electrolysis box, ring boxes are installed at the two ends of the machine barrel, and a rotor iron core is rotationally installed in the machine barrel. According to the utility model, the airflow pressure generated in the electrolytic hydrogen production operation process can be converted and utilized, the electrolysis operation can be realized under the condition of no external energy supply, the energy consumption of the electrolysis operation is greatly saved, the energy consumption is reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. According to the hydrogen production device, the hydrogen production work is more energy-saving and environment-friendly, meanwhile, the continuity and stability of the hydrogen production effect are improved, the hydrogen production work can be more flexibly and conveniently carried out, the electrolysis rate can be limited, and the electrolysis efficiency is fully improved while the electrolysis safety is guaranteed.

This application relates to an automatic cleaning system for the shell-breaking hammerhead of an aluminum electrolytic cell, comprising: a shell-breaking hammerhead for performing shell-breaking operations; a detection component for detecting the downward shell-breaking pressure of the hammerhead; the detection component being connected to the hammerhead; a signal conversion component for converting the pressure detection value of the detection component into a cleaning signal; the signal conversion component being connected to the detection component; and a cleaning component for cleaning electrolyte deposits on the hammerhead; the cleaning component being disposed on the hammerhead and connected to the signal conversion component. The automatic cleaning system for the shell-breaking hammerhead of an aluminum electrolytic cell provided by this application eliminates the need for operator inspection of the hammerhead deposits, enabling automatic early detection and removal, thereby avoiding the hazards caused by hammerhead deposits to normal aluminum electrolysis production management and reducing unnecessary labor intensity for electrolysis operators.

The present application relates to the technical field of white alloy, and in particular to a white alloy processing method.The white alloy processing method comprises the following steps: (a) dividing the white alloy to be processed into n portions, n >= 3; taking the first portion of the white alloy to prepare a first anode; (b) placing the first anode in an electrolyte to perform electrolysis; when a large number of bubbles appear in the region of the first anode, the first anode is taken out and soaked in a fluorine-containing acid solution for treatment, and then placed in the electrolyte again to repeat the electrolysis operation to obtain a first defective anode; (c) mixing the first defective anode with the second portion of the white alloy to prepare a second anode, repeating the operation of step (b) to obtain a second defective anode, and so on until the nth portion of the white alloy is prepared into an nth anode and electrolysis is completed.The present application uses a mixed method mainly based on electrochemical dissolution and assisted by acid dissolution to process the white alloy, and has the advantages of less equipment, simple and convenient process, low production cost and high efficiency.

The application provides a clothes treatment control method and device, clothes treatment equipment and a computer readable storage medium, comprising: in response to a received white washing start instruction, obtaining weight information of clothes to be treated in a barrel of the clothes treatment equipment; determining electrolysis parameters based on the weight information; performing electrolysis operation on water in the barrel of the clothes treatment equipment based on the electrolysis parameters to obtain electrolyzed water; and performing a washing process on the clothes to be treated using the electrolyzed water. In this way, by the weight information of the clothes to be treated, electrolysis parameters matched therewith are determined, electrolysis operation is performed on water in the barrel based on the electrolysis parameters to obtain water containing highly active oxidizing substances, and finally the washing process is performed using the water containing highly active oxidizing substances, thereby increasing the whiteness of the clothes to be treated.

The invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation direct electrolysis water and power grid power supply coupling cooperative control method. The method comprises two steps of system configuration and electrolysis operation. The system has the characteristics of high integration and high modularization, meets normal operation of electrolyzed water, effectively overcomes the defects existing in operation of a photovoltaic system, improves the utilization rate of photovoltaic energy, and effectively reduces the operation cost of electrolyzed water operation; and on the other hand, in the operation process, the stability and reliability of the power supply quality under the action of electrolyzed water are effectively improved, the interference and influence of voltage fluctuation and harmonic interference on electrolyzed water production operation are reduced, the control precision of the electrolyzed water operation is effectively improved, and therefore the purposes of improving the safety and reliability of the electrolyzed water operation and the stability of the yield are achieved.

The invention discloses a cathode structure for preparing nitrogen trifluoride gas, which comprises a conductive shell, two tubular conductive binding posts fixedly arranged outside the shell at an interval and a heat exchange tube arranged in the shell, the two binding posts are both electrically connected with the shell, two ports of the heat exchange tube are respectively and fixedly communicated with the two binding posts, and the heat exchange tube is arranged in the shell. An insulated heat exchange medium circulates in the heat exchange tube, and the heat exchange medium flows in from one binding post and flows out from the other binding post to heat or cool the electrolyte, so that the heat exchange tube does not need to be independently arranged in the electrolyte. Due to the fact that the heat exchange tube does not make contact with the electrolyte, the heat exchange tube is not corroded by the electrolyte, the risk that the heat exchange tube leaks is avoided, and the situation that the heat-conducting medium leaks from the heat exchange tube and enters the electrolyte, and then normal electrolysis operation is affected is avoided.

The invention relates to a method for preparing methanol. The method comprises the following steps: (a) preparing a hydrogen raw material through electrolysis; (b) providing a carbon oxide feedstock during the electrolysis operation in step (a); (c) mixing at least part of the hydrogen feed and a carbon oxide source consisting of a carbon monoxide and / or carbon dioxide feed to obtain methanol syngas; (d) adjusting the molar content of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and / or carbon dioxide in step (c) to a modulus M of 1.9 to 2.2, said modulus M being (H2-CO2) / (CO2 + CO); (e) converting the methanol syngas to methanol in one or more boiling water reactors; during the electrolysis inoperation in step (a): (f) interrupting the conversion of methanol syngas by heat exchange with boiling water in one or more boiling water reactors, in which step (f) the one or more boiling water reactors are heated by one or more auxiliary heaters to maintain boiling of water in the one or more boiling water reactors.

The utility model discloses a controllable batch cell sample electric breakdown device relates to microbiological treatment technical field, including control module, pore plate and electrode module, control module is clamped on the top surface of electrode module, the electrode module is movably connected on the top surface of pore plate, electrode module includes electrode bar and insulating shell, and the insulating shell is fixed on the electrode bar. The cell sap needing to be treated is injected into the material holes of the pore plate, then the electrode module is buckled on the top face of the pore plate so that the electrode bars can be inserted into the material holes, the control module is connected with the top face of the electrode module in a clamped mode so that the telescopic probes can be connected with the top faces of the conducting rods in a pressing contact mode, and the control module is externally connected with the controller. The electrode bar is powered on through the control circuit, the telescopic probe, the conducting rod and the circuit board, cell sap in the material holes is discharged to achieve electrolysis operation, the multiple material holes are matched with the electrode bar for use, synchronous electrolysis of multiple sets of cell sap can be achieved, and the efficiency of large-batch experiment electrolysis operation is improved.

The application provides a sewage electrolysis device operation control method and device, electronic equipment and medium. The method comprises the following steps: S1: setting circulation flow parameters of multiple groups of sewage electrolysis devices, and obtaining corresponding input parameters; S2: inputting the parameters in step S1 into a preset neural network model to predict electronic efficiency of electrolytic removal of organic matter and output; obtaining a maximum value in the electronic efficiency prediction value; S3: calculating an actual value of the electronic efficiency of electrolytic removal of organic matter under the maximum value of the electronic efficiency prediction value, and an error between the electronic efficiency prediction value and the actual value of the electronic efficiency under the circulation flow condition; S4: stopping iteration when the error meets a preset condition, and taking the circulation flow value under the condition of the maximum value in the electronic efficiency prediction value as an optimal circulation flow parameter; otherwise, returning to iteration; and S5: performing electrolysis operation on sewage with the optimal circulation flow parameter. The application can solve the problem of how to accurately balance and control the degree of oxidative degradation of organic pollutants.

The utility model discloses an experimental device for simulating electrolytic cleaning of a cold-rolled sheet, which comprises an experimental box, a cleaning container is mounted in the experimental box, a fixture block is mounted at the bottom in the cleaning container, a first storage groove is formed in the fixture block, and the first storage groove is shaped like a Chinese character'mi '. A clamping piece used for limiting the position of the cold-rolled sheet is arranged on the inner wall of the cleaning container, and a heating piece is installed at the bottom of the cleaning container. According to the experimental device for simulating electrolytic cleaning of the cold-rolled sheet, the first storage groove formed in the clamping block in a shape like a Chinese character'mi 'facilitates clamping of the inclined cold-rolled sheet, so that the surface of the cold-rolled sheet is electrolyzed, the friction problem caused by rotation of the cold-rolled sheet for treatment is reduced, and the overall service life is prolonged; the treatment cost and the environment burden are reduced through electrolysis operation, the uniform cleaning effect can be guaranteed through uniform current distribution, and the problem that treatment is not thorough due to the fact that hydrochloric acid liquid is used for treatment is solved.

The utility model relates to aluminum electrolysis technical field, especially a kind of adjustable support of crust breaking air cylinder on the upper portion of electrolytic cell, including base, the upper surface both sides of base are uniformly fixedly connected with vertical plate, the upper end of two vertical plates is fixedly connected with top seat in common, and the lifting seat capable of up and down is set between top seat and base by adjusting mechanism, the surface of lifting seat is fixedly installed with the swing shaft seat for fixed crust breaking air cylinder, adjusting mechanism includes adjusting screw rod and locking nut, the middle part of adjusting screw rod is fixed nut screw thread connection by thread with the surface welding of lifting seat, locking nut is screw thread connection in the outside of adjusting screw rod.In the utility model, by setting adjusting mechanism, the height of lifting seat can be adjusted, the depth of blow of crust breaking air cylinder hammer head can be flexibly adjusted according to electrolytic cell working condition, the problem of crust breaking air cylinder hammer head bagging, jamming on the upper portion of electrolytic cell is solved, effectively reduce the labor intensity of electrolytic operator, greatly improve work efficiency.

The application relates to the technical field of electrochemistry, in particular to a life prediction method and system for an oxygen evolution type titanium-based anode. The method comprises the following steps: modeling an initial surface element distribution of the oxygen evolution type titanium-based anode to generate an initial element concentration matrix; collecting element change distribution data of the oxygen evolution type titanium-based anode when the oxygen evolution type titanium-based anode is put into electrolysis operation to generate an element migration index; generating a migration behavior evolution model and a migration hotspot analysis model to generate a fusion prediction model; generating a predicted critical life according to the fusion prediction model and a preset pre-failure threshold, and generating an anode life warning signal according to the predicted critical life. The application can improve the timeliness and spatial accuracy of anode life prediction, has significant advantages in capturing non-uniform degradation and early local failure, overcomes the limitations of existing methods which rely on a macroscopic single index and ignore microscopic evolution consistency, and has good engineering adaptability and promotion prospects.

Disclosed in the present invention are a hydrogen production and dissolution control method and system, a computer device, and a storage medium. The method comprises: controlling an electrolytic cell to perform a water electrolysis operation; controlling a separation and purification mechanism to perform gas-liquid separation and hydrogen purification on hydrogen prepared by means of the electrolytic cell, so as to obtain purified hydrogen; controlling a booster to pressurize the purified hydrogen and then input same into a reaction tank; acquiring in real time a pressure signal in the reaction tank detected by a pressure sensor; and when the pressure signal satisfies a preset pressure threshold range, controlling an ultrasonic generator in the reaction tank to perform a hydrogen dissolution operation and timing, and when the hydrogen dissolution operation time is equal to a preset operation threshold, controlling the ultrasonic generator and the booster to stop operating. The present invention enables gas-liquid separation and hydrogen purification of the hydrogen prepared by means of the electrolytic cell, and uses ultrasonic vibration to perform a hydrogen dissolution operation on the hydrogen in a high-pressure environment, thereby achieving a rapid hydrogen dissolution operation and high hydrogen dissolution efficiency and dissolved hydrogen content.

The invention relates to the technical field of solid electrolyte and electrochemical separation, in particular to a medium-entropy proton conductor electrolyte material and a preparation method and application thereof. The chemical formula of the medium-entropy proton conductor is BaCe < 0.65 > Zr < 0.07 > Y < 0.07 > Y < 0.07 > Ta < 0.07 > M < 0.07 > O < 3 > delta, M is one or more than two elements of Sm, Eu, Gd, Nd or Sc, and delta represents oxygen vacancy concentration. A medium-entropy solid solution is formed by introducing various B-site doping with different ion radiuses and electronegativity, so that remarkable lattice distortion and local disorder can be generated, oxygen hole ordering is inhibited, and proton embedding and migration channels are optimized; the result shows that the proton conductivity is remarkably improved, and the dynamic difference between hydrogen (H) and deuterium (D) in the migration process is amplified, so that high-selectivity hydrogen isotope separation is realized under PCEC electrolysis operation.

The present application relates to the field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a method for treating perovskite precursor synthesis waste liquid. ‑ (X=Br ‑ / Cl ‑ / I ‑ ) electrode potential, so that the oxidized state halogen element can be reduced and recovered in the subsequent step, and the recovery is complete. The present application does not need electrolysis, and is simple to operate and easy to industrialize; the selected precipitant soluble lead is low in cost, and at the same time, the recovered lead halide can be directly used for synthesis of perovskite precursor, reducing the waste of halogen elements and saving cost.

The invention discloses a vehicle wastewater treatment method, device and equipment, a medium and a product. The method comprises the steps that in the vehicle running process, based on a preset wastewater collection strategy, vehicle wastewater is collected and guided into a primary water storage tank, the vehicle wastewater in the primary water storage tank is purified, and purified water is stored in a secondary water purification tank; the predicted hydrogen production amount is determined, whether electrolysis conditions are met or not is determined according to the vehicle running state, the predicted hydrogen production amount and the water tank liquid level of the secondary water purification tank, and if yes, electrolysis operation is started to convert purified water into hydrogen; and according to the predicted hydrogen production amount, the vehicle endurance demand, the preset mileage, the vehicle battery electric quantity and the preset electric quantity, whether power generation conditions are met or not is determined, and if yes, power generation operation is started to supply power to the vehicle. According to the technical scheme, waste water of the vehicle can be effectively recycled, extra energy is provided for the vehicle while environmental protection is achieved, and the endurance mileage of the vehicle is prolonged.

This article is an anode distortion measurement jig characterized by the shape of a flexible string-like member with weights attached to both ends. Specifically, as shown in the "Reference Diagram Showing the State of Use," the string-like member is hung on a spacer supporting the anode in an electrolytic cell, with the weights at both ends hanging vertically downward. The distance between the anode surface and the string-like member is measured at the top and bottom of the anode, and the difference can be quantitatively evaluated as the anode's suspension. Suspending the anode in an electrolytic cell as vertically as possible ensures uniform electrode distances with the cathode, reducing short-circuit defects and improving current efficiency. Therefore, improving anode suspension is important in electrolytic operation. Measurements using this article can be used to evaluate the suspension tendency as an indicator for anode adjustment, allowing for improved anode suspension. Furthermore, anode suspension can be efficiently improved by modifying the anode shape using a press and then measuring again using this article.

The present invention relates to a circuit device (16) for electrically coupling an electrolysis device (12) to an energy supply network (14) utilizing an AC voltage to supply electrical energy to the electrolysis device (12) in accordance with prescribed electrolysis operation. The circuit device comprises: - an energy source connection terminal (18); - an electrolysis device connection terminal (20); - a disconnection unit (22) having at least one inverter connection terminal (24); - an inverter (28) having a DC voltage intermediate circuit (26) and an AC voltage connection terminal (30) electrically coupled to the inverter connection terminal (24); - a control unit (32); and - an auxiliary circuit (34) for charging the DC voltage intermediate circuit (26) to a preset DC voltage as a pre-charge voltage before switching the switching state of the disconnection unit (22). According to the invention, the auxiliary circuit (34) is configured to apply a preset, suitable protection voltage to the DC voltage intermediate circuit (26) after the switching state of the disconnection unit (22) switches from an on switching state to an off switching state.

The problem addressed by the invention is that of specifying a process for producing lithium hydroxide that is very energy-efficient. The process should in particular manage without using thermal energy. As a raw material, the process should be able to process Li-containing waters that arise when used lithium-ion batteries are digested. The LiOH produced by the process should be of sufficiently high purity that it can be used directly for the production of new LIBs. The process should achieve a high throughput and have a low space requirement so that it can be combined with existing processes for reprocessing used LIBs or for producing new LIBs to form a closed, continuous production cycle. The process according to the invention is an electrolytic membrane process that is operated using an LiSICon membrane. A particular aspect of the process is that the electrolysis is operated up to the precipitation limit of the lithium hydroxide.

The invention relates to an electrolytic cell electrode based on a metal 3D printing process, and is suitable for the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production. The hydrogen production electrode structure is a porous metal structure framework which is prepared through a metal 3D printing technology and has any structure. The electrolytic cell structure comprises a bipolar plate, a catalyst, a sealing gasket, a bolt through hole, an anode electrode based on 3D printing and a cathode electrode based on 3D printing, and is communicated with an external power supply through a conductive tab for electrolysis operation. Compared with a traditional electrode structure, the porous electrode structure designed by the invention has the advantages of high specific surface area, excellent conductivity, mechanical stability and fluid flowability, and is beneficial to discharge of bubbles in hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution processes under high current density, reduction of blockage of the bubbles in the electrode, improvement of the electrolysis efficiency and realization of efficient hydrogen production by water electrolysis.