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Activated cathode for hydrogen evolution

一种阴极、阴极基底的技术，应用在电极、电极涂料、多种成分组成的覆层等方向，能够解决催化剂元素消耗、电解过程劣化、过电压性能变差等问题，达到保留率升高、电解性能优异、提高性质的效果

Inactive Publication Date: 2012-10-31
DE NORA PERMELEC LTD
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0012] (1) Part of the substrate (nickel, iron, or carbon components) dissolves or peels off due to the deterioration of the electrode, and such components migrate to the catholyte, membrane, or anode chamber, resulting in deterioration of product quality and deterioration of the electrolysis process
[0013] (2) The overvoltage increases with the increase of the current density, resulting in a decrease in energy efficiency
As a result, the solution resistance loss of the catholyte increases
[0015] (4) When the operating conditions are severe, the amount of impurities (sulfur, iron, etc.) flowing out from the battery constituent materials increases, resulting in contamination of the electrodes
In particular, in the case of coating ruthenium as a noble metal, there is a disadvantage in that the catalyst element is consumed during the termination of the operation against a short circuit
In addition, with chlor-alkali electrolysis using the ion exchange membrane method, etc., when the electrolytic cell is contaminated by impurities in the electrolyte, the overvoltage performance may easily deteriorate

Method used

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  • Activated cathode for hydrogen evolution

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0090] A nickel mesh was used as the cathode substrate. The surface of the substrate was sufficiently roughened with alumina particles, and then immersed in an etching solution for 5 minutes. Prepare the etching solution as follows: mix 36% HCl with an equal amount of purified water, boil once and cool to 25 °C.

[0091] To prepare the coating solution, dinitrodiammine platinum(II) HNO 3 solution, dinitrodiammine palladium (II) HNO 3 solution and cerium(III) nitrate hexahydrate to obtain liquid concentrations of 20.8 g / l, 14.4 g / l and 34.0 g / l, respectively.

[0092] Using a roller, apply the coating solution on the nickel mesh so that the coating amount of Pt and Pd is 0.6 g / m per time 2 (Herein, the coating amount of noble metal is referred to as NM coating amount). The nickel mesh was dried at 60°C for 10 minutes and fired in an electric furnace at 500°C for 13 minutes. Repeat the above treatment 4 times so that the final NM coating amount of the catalyst layer is 2.6g...

Embodiment 2~8

[0097] In the cathode samples No. 2 to 8 for hydrogen production, the composition ratio of the 3-element type catalyst including platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd) and cerium (Ce) and the amount of NM coating were changed, in addition, A cathode sample for hydrogen production was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. In cathode samples Nos. 2 to 8 for hydrogen production, the composition ratio of platinum (Pt) was gradually decreased. The test results are shown in Table 1. In all samples, at 5kA / m 2 When the initial overvoltage is lower than 90mV.

[0098] These cathode samples No. 2-8 for hydrogen production all showed good results in the retention rate of the catalyst element after the short-circuit test and the high current density test, like the cathode sample No. 1 for hydrogen production. In particular, the retention of platinum (Pt), which is the most important element for keeping the hydrogen overvoltage low, is very high, and long-term hydrogen with low hydrogen ...

Embodiment 9 and 10

[0111] Cathode samples No. 13 and No. 14 for hydrogen production had different composition ratios of a 4-element type catalyst including platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), cerium (Ce) and lanthanum (La). Except for this, these cathode samples for hydrogen production were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0112] The results are shown in Table 3. at 5kA / m 2 The initial overvoltages were 82mV and 83mV, both lower than 90mV.

[0113] [table 3]

[0114]

[0115] As shown in Table 4, the cathode samples No. 13 and No. 14 for hydrogen production showed good results in catalyst element retention after the short-circuit test and high current density test. In particular, the retention of platinum (Pt), which is the most important element for keeping the hydrogen overvoltage low, was very high in both samples, and even with a short circuit and operation at high current densities, it was possible to obtain Long service life with low hydrogen overvoltage.

[0116] [Table 4...

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Abstract

The present invention aims to provide an activated cathode enabling a long-time stable operation with hydrogen overvoltage maintained at a low value, keeping a high remaining rate of the catalyst element after a cease of operation for a short-circuiting and after an electrolysis operation at a high current density, restricting catalyst loss to a little, and having a strong resistance to contamination caused by electrolyte impurity elements. The present invention relates to a cathode for hydrogen evolution with a catalyst layer formed on the cathode substrate, having, at least, three elements comprising platinum, cerium and palladium, as essential element, in a state of metal, metal oxide, or hydroxide, contained, where the mole fraction of respective element being x, y, and z, within a range of 5mol%=x=90mol%, 5mol%=y=55mol%, 5mol%=z=65mol%.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to a cathode for hydrogen production, in particular to an active cathode for hydrogen production most suitable for industrial electrolysis (including chlor-alkali electrolysis). Background technique [0002] Sodium hydroxide and chlorine, which are important industrial materials, are mainly produced by chlor-alkali electrolysis. [0003] The electrolysis methods that have been developed range from mercury methods using mercury cathodes, diaphragm methods using asbestos diaphragms and soft iron cathodes, to ion exchange membrane methods using ion exchange membranes as diaphragms and active cathodes involving low overvoltage. Through such a transformation stage, the power consumption for producing one ton of sodium hydroxide has been reduced to 2000 kWh. [0004] An activated cathode for hydrogen production can be obtained by, for example, the following method and material: Method for obtaining an active electrode by compos...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C25B11/08C25B1/02
CPCC25B11/0494C25B11/0484Y02E60/366Y02E60/36C25B11/097C25B11/093C25B11/04C25B1/04
Inventor 奈良美和子宫川惠理锦善则
Owner DE NORA PERMELEC LTD
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